/* Copyright (c) 2010 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved. * Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be * found in the LICENSE file. * * Functions for generating and manipulating a verified boot kernel image. * (Userland portion) */ #include "kernel_image.h" #include #include #include #include #include #include "file_keys.h" #include "padding.h" #include "rollback_index.h" #include "rsa_utility.h" #include "sha_utility.h" #include "signature_digest.h" #include "utility.h" /* Macro to determine the size of a field structure in the KernelImage * structure. */ #define FIELD_LEN(field) (sizeof(((KernelImage*)0)->field)) KernelImage* KernelImageNew(void) { KernelImage* image = (KernelImage*) Malloc(sizeof(KernelImage)); if (image) { image->kernel_sign_key = NULL; image->kernel_key_signature = NULL; image->config_signature = NULL; image->kernel_signature = NULL; image->kernel_data = NULL; } return image; } void KernelImageFree(KernelImage* image) { if (image) { Free(image->kernel_sign_key); Free(image->kernel_key_signature); Free(image->config_signature); Free(image->kernel_signature); Free(image->kernel_data); Free(image); } } KernelImage* ReadKernelImage(const char* input_file) { uint64_t file_size; int image_len = 0; /* Total size of the kernel image. */ int header_len = 0; int firmware_sign_key_len; int kernel_key_signature_len; int kernel_sign_key_len; int kernel_signature_len; uint8_t* kernel_buf; uint8_t header_checksum[FIELD_LEN(header_checksum)]; MemcpyState st; KernelImage* image = KernelImageNew(); if (!image) return NULL; kernel_buf = BufferFromFile(input_file, &file_size); image_len = file_size; st.remaining_len = image_len; st.remaining_buf = kernel_buf; st.overrun = 0; /* Read and compare magic bytes. */ StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->magic, KERNEL_MAGIC_SIZE); if (SafeMemcmp(image->magic, KERNEL_MAGIC, KERNEL_MAGIC_SIZE)) { debug("Wrong Kernel Magic.\n"); Free(kernel_buf); return NULL; } StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->header_version, FIELD_LEN(header_version)); StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->header_len, FIELD_LEN(header_len)); StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->firmware_sign_algorithm, FIELD_LEN(firmware_sign_algorithm)); StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->kernel_sign_algorithm, FIELD_LEN(kernel_sign_algorithm)); /* Valid Kernel Key signing algorithm. */ if (image->firmware_sign_algorithm >= kNumAlgorithms) { Free(kernel_buf); return NULL; } /* Valid Kernel Signing Algorithm? */ if (image->kernel_sign_algorithm >= kNumAlgorithms) { Free(kernel_buf); return NULL; } /* Compute size of pre-processed RSA public keys and signatures. */ firmware_sign_key_len = RSAProcessedKeySize(image->firmware_sign_algorithm); kernel_key_signature_len = siglen_map[image->firmware_sign_algorithm]; kernel_sign_key_len = RSAProcessedKeySize(image->kernel_sign_algorithm); kernel_signature_len = siglen_map[image->kernel_sign_algorithm]; /* Check whether key header length is correct. */ header_len = GetKernelHeaderLen(image); if (header_len != image->header_len) { debug("Header length mismatch. Got: %d, Expected: %d\n", image->header_len, header_len); Free(kernel_buf); return NULL; } /* Read pre-processed public half of the kernel signing key. */ StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->kernel_key_version, FIELD_LEN(kernel_key_version)); image->kernel_sign_key = (uint8_t*) Malloc(kernel_sign_key_len); StatefulMemcpy(&st, image->kernel_sign_key, kernel_sign_key_len); StatefulMemcpy(&st, image->header_checksum, FIELD_LEN(header_checksum)); /* Check whether the header checksum matches. */ CalculateKernelHeaderChecksum(image, header_checksum); if (SafeMemcmp(header_checksum, image->header_checksum, FIELD_LEN(header_checksum))) { debug("Invalid kernel header checksum!\n"); Free(kernel_buf); return NULL; } /* Read key signature. */ image->kernel_key_signature = (uint8_t*) Malloc(kernel_key_signature_len); StatefulMemcpy(&st, image->kernel_key_signature, kernel_key_signature_len); /* Read the kernel config. */ StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->kernel_version, FIELD_LEN(kernel_version)); StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->options.version, FIELD_LEN(options.version)); StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->options.cmd_line, FIELD_LEN(options.cmd_line)); StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->options.kernel_len, FIELD_LEN(options.kernel_len)); StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->options.kernel_load_addr, FIELD_LEN(options.kernel_load_addr)); StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->options.kernel_entry_addr, FIELD_LEN(options.kernel_entry_addr)); /* Read kernel config signature. */ image->config_signature = (uint8_t*) Malloc(kernel_signature_len); StatefulMemcpy(&st, image->config_signature, kernel_signature_len); image->kernel_signature = (uint8_t*) Malloc(kernel_signature_len); StatefulMemcpy(&st, image->kernel_signature, kernel_signature_len); image->kernel_data = (uint8_t*) Malloc(image->options.kernel_len); StatefulMemcpy(&st, image->kernel_data, image->options.kernel_len); if(st.overrun || st.remaining_len != 0) { /* Overrun or underrun. */ Free(kernel_buf); return NULL; } Free(kernel_buf); return image; } int GetKernelHeaderLen(const KernelImage* image) { return (FIELD_LEN(header_version) + FIELD_LEN(header_len) + FIELD_LEN(firmware_sign_algorithm) + FIELD_LEN(kernel_sign_algorithm) + FIELD_LEN(kernel_key_version) + RSAProcessedKeySize(image->kernel_sign_algorithm) + FIELD_LEN(header_checksum)); } void CalculateKernelHeaderChecksum(const KernelImage* image, uint8_t* header_checksum) { uint8_t* checksum; DigestContext ctx; DigestInit(&ctx, SHA512_DIGEST_ALGORITHM); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->header_version, sizeof(image->header_version)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->header_len, sizeof(image->header_len)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->firmware_sign_algorithm, sizeof(image->firmware_sign_algorithm)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->kernel_sign_algorithm, sizeof(image->kernel_sign_algorithm)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->kernel_key_version, sizeof(image->kernel_key_version)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, image->kernel_sign_key, RSAProcessedKeySize(image->kernel_sign_algorithm)); checksum = DigestFinal(&ctx); Memcpy(header_checksum, checksum, FIELD_LEN(header_checksum)); Free(checksum); return; } uint8_t* GetKernelHeaderBlob(const KernelImage* image) { uint8_t* header_blob = NULL; MemcpyState st; header_blob = (uint8_t*) Malloc(GetKernelHeaderLen(image)); st.remaining_len = GetKernelHeaderLen(image); st.remaining_buf = header_blob; st.overrun = 0; StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->header_version, FIELD_LEN(header_version)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->header_len, FIELD_LEN(header_len)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->firmware_sign_algorithm, FIELD_LEN(firmware_sign_algorithm)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->kernel_sign_algorithm, FIELD_LEN(kernel_sign_algorithm)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->kernel_key_version, FIELD_LEN(kernel_key_version)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->kernel_sign_key, RSAProcessedKeySize(image->kernel_sign_algorithm)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->header_checksum, FIELD_LEN(header_checksum)); if (st.overrun || st.remaining_len != 0) { /* Underrun or Overrun. */ Free(header_blob); return NULL; } return header_blob; } int GetKernelConfigLen() { return (FIELD_LEN(kernel_version) + FIELD_LEN(options.version) + FIELD_LEN(options.cmd_line) + FIELD_LEN(options.kernel_len) + FIELD_LEN(options.kernel_load_addr) + FIELD_LEN(options.kernel_entry_addr)); } uint8_t* GetKernelConfigBlob(const KernelImage* image) { uint8_t* config_blob = NULL; MemcpyState st; config_blob = (uint8_t*) Malloc(GetKernelConfigLen()); st.remaining_len = GetKernelConfigLen(); st.remaining_buf = config_blob; st.overrun = 0; StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->kernel_version, FIELD_LEN(kernel_version)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->options.version, FIELD_LEN(options.version)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->options.cmd_line, FIELD_LEN(options.cmd_line)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->options.kernel_len, FIELD_LEN(options.kernel_len)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->options.kernel_load_addr, FIELD_LEN(options.kernel_load_addr)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->options.kernel_entry_addr, FIELD_LEN(options.kernel_entry_addr)); if (st.overrun || st.remaining_len != 0) { /* Overrun or Underrun. */ Free(config_blob); return NULL; } return config_blob; } uint8_t* GetKernelBlob(const KernelImage* image, uint64_t* blob_len) { int kernel_key_signature_len; int kernel_signature_len; uint8_t* kernel_blob = NULL; uint8_t* header_blob = NULL; uint8_t* config_blob = NULL; MemcpyState st; if (!image) return NULL; kernel_key_signature_len = siglen_map[image->firmware_sign_algorithm]; kernel_signature_len = siglen_map[image->kernel_sign_algorithm]; *blob_len = (FIELD_LEN(magic) + GetKernelHeaderLen(image) + kernel_key_signature_len + GetKernelConfigLen() + 2 * kernel_signature_len + image->options.kernel_len); kernel_blob = (uint8_t*) Malloc(*blob_len); st.remaining_len = *blob_len; st.remaining_buf = kernel_blob; st.overrun = 0; header_blob = GetKernelHeaderBlob(image); config_blob = GetKernelConfigBlob(image); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->magic, FIELD_LEN(magic)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, header_blob, GetKernelHeaderLen(image)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->kernel_key_signature, kernel_key_signature_len); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, config_blob, GetKernelConfigLen()); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->config_signature, kernel_signature_len); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->kernel_signature, kernel_signature_len); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->kernel_data, image->options.kernel_len); Free(config_blob); Free(header_blob); if (st.overrun || st.remaining_len != 0) { /* Underrun or Overrun. */ Free(kernel_blob); return NULL; } return kernel_blob; } int WriteKernelImage(const char* input_file, const KernelImage* image) { int fd; uint8_t* kernel_blob; uint64_t blob_len; if (!image) return 0; if (-1 == (fd = creat(input_file, S_IRWXU))) { debug("Couldn't open file for writing kernel image: %s\n", input_file); return 0; } kernel_blob = GetKernelBlob(image, &blob_len); if (!kernel_blob) { debug("Couldn't create kernel blob from KernelImage.\n"); return 0; } if (blob_len != write(fd, kernel_blob, blob_len)) { debug("Couldn't write Kernel Image to file: %s\n", input_file); Free(kernel_blob); close(fd); return 0; } Free(kernel_blob); close(fd); return 1; } void PrintKernelImage(const KernelImage* image) { if (!image) return; /* Print header. */ printf("Header Version = %d\n" "Header Length = %d\n" "Kernel Key Signature Algorithm = %s\n" "Kernel Signature Algorithm = %s\n" "Kernel Key Version = %d\n\n", image->header_version, image->header_len, algo_strings[image->firmware_sign_algorithm], algo_strings[image->kernel_sign_algorithm], image->kernel_key_version); /* TODO(gauravsh): Output hash and key signature here? */ /* Print preamble. */ printf("Kernel Version = %d\n" "Kernel Config Version = %d.%d\n" "Kernel Config command line = \"%s\"\n" "kernel Length = %" PRId64 "\n" "Kernel Load Address = %" PRId64 "\n" "Kernel Entry Address = %" PRId64 "\n\n", image->kernel_version, image->options.version[0], image->options.version[1], image->options.cmd_line, image->options.kernel_len, image->options.kernel_load_addr, image->options.kernel_entry_addr); /* TODO(gauravsh): Output kernel signature here? */ } int VerifyKernelImage(const RSAPublicKey* firmware_key, const KernelImage* image, const int dev_mode) { RSAPublicKey* kernel_sign_key = NULL; uint8_t* header_digest = NULL; uint8_t* config_digest = NULL; uint8_t* kernel_digest = NULL; int kernel_sign_key_size; int kernel_signature_size; int error_code = 0; DigestContext ctx; DigestContext kernel_ctx; if (!image) return VERIFY_KERNEL_INVALID_IMAGE; /* Verify kernel key signature on the key header if we * are not in dev mode. * * TODO(gauravsh): Add additional sanity checks here for: * 1) verifying the header length is correct. * 2) header_checksum is correct. */ if (image->firmware_sign_algorithm >= kNumAlgorithms) return VERIFY_KERNEL_INVALID_ALGORITHM; if (image->kernel_sign_algorithm >= kNumAlgorithms) return VERIFY_KERNEL_INVALID_ALGORITHM; if (!dev_mode) { DigestInit(&ctx, image->firmware_sign_algorithm); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->header_version, FIELD_LEN(header_version)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->header_len, FIELD_LEN(header_len)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->firmware_sign_algorithm, FIELD_LEN(firmware_sign_algorithm)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->kernel_sign_algorithm, FIELD_LEN(kernel_sign_algorithm)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->kernel_key_version, FIELD_LEN(kernel_key_version)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, image->kernel_sign_key, RSAProcessedKeySize(image->kernel_sign_algorithm)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, image->header_checksum, FIELD_LEN(header_checksum)); header_digest = DigestFinal(&ctx); if (!RSAVerify(firmware_key, image->kernel_key_signature, siglen_map[image->firmware_sign_algorithm], image->firmware_sign_algorithm, header_digest)) { debug("VerifyKernelImage(): Key signature check failed.\n"); error_code = VERIFY_KERNEL_KEY_SIGNATURE_FAILED; goto verify_failure; } } /* Get kernel signing key to verify the rest of the kernel. */ kernel_sign_key_size = RSAProcessedKeySize(image->kernel_sign_algorithm); kernel_sign_key = RSAPublicKeyFromBuf(image->kernel_sign_key, kernel_sign_key_size); kernel_signature_size = siglen_map[image->kernel_sign_algorithm]; /* Verify kernel config signature. */ DigestInit(&ctx, image->kernel_sign_algorithm); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->kernel_version, FIELD_LEN(kernel_version)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) image->options.version, FIELD_LEN(options.version)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) image->options.cmd_line, FIELD_LEN(options.cmd_line)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->options.kernel_len, FIELD_LEN(options.kernel_len)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->options.kernel_load_addr, FIELD_LEN(options.kernel_load_addr)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->options.kernel_entry_addr, FIELD_LEN(options.kernel_entry_addr)); config_digest = DigestFinal(&ctx); if (!RSAVerify(kernel_sign_key, image->config_signature, kernel_signature_size, image->kernel_sign_algorithm, config_digest)) { error_code = VERIFY_KERNEL_CONFIG_SIGNATURE_FAILED; goto verify_failure; } /* Verify kernel signature - kernel signature is computed on the contents of kernel version + kernel options + kernel_data. */ DigestInit(&kernel_ctx, image->kernel_sign_algorithm); DigestUpdate(&kernel_ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->kernel_version, FIELD_LEN(kernel_version)); DigestUpdate(&kernel_ctx, (uint8_t*) image->options.version, FIELD_LEN(options.version)); DigestUpdate(&kernel_ctx, (uint8_t*) image->options.cmd_line, FIELD_LEN(options.cmd_line)); DigestUpdate(&kernel_ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->options.kernel_len, FIELD_LEN(options.kernel_len)); DigestUpdate(&kernel_ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->options.kernel_load_addr, FIELD_LEN(options.kernel_load_addr)); DigestUpdate(&kernel_ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->options.kernel_entry_addr, FIELD_LEN(options.kernel_entry_addr)); DigestUpdate(&kernel_ctx, image->kernel_data, image->options.kernel_len); kernel_digest = DigestFinal(&kernel_ctx); if (!RSAVerify(kernel_sign_key, image->kernel_signature, kernel_signature_size, image->kernel_sign_algorithm, kernel_digest)) { error_code = VERIFY_KERNEL_SIGNATURE_FAILED; goto verify_failure; } verify_failure: RSAPublicKeyFree(kernel_sign_key); Free(kernel_digest); Free(config_digest); Free(header_digest); return error_code; } const char* VerifyKernelErrorString(int error) { return kVerifyKernelErrors[error]; } int AddKernelKeySignature(KernelImage* image, const char* firmware_key_file) { uint8_t* header_blob = NULL; uint8_t* signature = NULL; int signature_len = siglen_map[image->firmware_sign_algorithm]; if (!image || !firmware_key_file) return 0; header_blob = GetKernelHeaderBlob(image); if (!header_blob) return 0; if (!(signature = SignatureBuf(header_blob, GetKernelHeaderLen(image), firmware_key_file, image->firmware_sign_algorithm))) { Free(header_blob); return 0; } image->kernel_key_signature = Malloc(signature_len); Memcpy(image->kernel_key_signature, signature, signature_len); Free(signature); Free(header_blob); return 1; } int AddKernelSignature(KernelImage* image, const char* kernel_signing_key_file) { uint8_t* config_blob = NULL; uint8_t* config_signature = NULL; uint8_t* kernel_signature = NULL; uint8_t* kernel_buf; int signature_len = siglen_map[image->kernel_sign_algorithm]; config_blob = GetKernelConfigBlob(image); if (!(config_signature = SignatureBuf(config_blob, GetKernelConfigLen(), kernel_signing_key_file, image->kernel_sign_algorithm))) { debug("Could not compute signature on the kernel config.\n"); Free(config_blob); return 0; } image->config_signature = (uint8_t*) Malloc(signature_len); Memcpy(image->config_signature, config_signature, signature_len); Free(config_signature); /* Kernel signature muse be calculated on the kernel version, options and * kernel data to avoid splicing attacks. */ kernel_buf = (uint8_t*) Malloc(GetKernelConfigLen() + image->options.kernel_len); Memcpy(kernel_buf, config_blob, GetKernelConfigLen()); Memcpy(kernel_buf + GetKernelConfigLen(), image->kernel_data, image->options.kernel_len); if (!(kernel_signature = SignatureBuf(kernel_buf, GetKernelConfigLen() + image->options.kernel_len, kernel_signing_key_file, image->kernel_sign_algorithm))) { Free(config_blob); Free(kernel_buf); debug("Could not compute signature on the kernel.\n"); return 0; } image->kernel_signature = (uint8_t*) Malloc(signature_len); Memcpy(image->kernel_signature, kernel_signature, signature_len); Free(kernel_signature); Free(kernel_buf); Free(config_blob); return 1; } void PrintKernelEntry(kernel_entry* entry) { debug("Boot Priority = %d\n", entry->boot_priority); debug("Boot Tries Remaining = %d\n", entry->boot_tries_remaining); debug("Boot Success Flag = %d\n", entry->boot_success_flag); }