/* Copyright (c) 2010 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved. * Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be * found in the LICENSE file. * * Functions for generating and manipulating a verified boot firmware image. */ #include "firmware_image.h" #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "file_keys.h" #include "padding.h" #include "rsa_utility.h" #include "sha_utility.h" #include "signature_digest.h" #include "utility.h" /* Macro to determine the size of a field structure in the FirmwareImage * structure. */ #define FIELD_LEN(field) (sizeof(((FirmwareImage*)0)->field)) FirmwareImage* FirmwareImageNew(void) { FirmwareImage* image = (FirmwareImage*) Malloc(sizeof(FirmwareImage)); if (image) { image->firmware_sign_key = NULL; image->preamble_signature = NULL; image->firmware_signature = NULL; image->firmware_data = NULL; } return image; } void FirmwareImageFree(FirmwareImage* image) { if (image) { Free(image->firmware_sign_key); Free(image->preamble_signature); Free(image->firmware_signature); Free(image->firmware_data); Free(image); } } FirmwareImage* ReadFirmwareImage(const char* input_file) { uint32_t file_size; int image_len = 0; /* Total size of the firmware image. */ int header_len = 0; int firmware_sign_key_len; int signature_len; uint8_t* firmware_buf; MemcpyState st; FirmwareImage* image = FirmwareImageNew(); if (!image) return NULL; firmware_buf = BufferFromFile(input_file, &file_size); image_len = file_size; st.remaining_len = image_len; st.remaining_buf = firmware_buf; /* Read and compare magic bytes. */ StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->magic, FIRMWARE_MAGIC_SIZE); if (SafeMemcmp(image->magic, FIRMWARE_MAGIC, FIRMWARE_MAGIC_SIZE)) { fprintf(stderr, "Wrong Firmware Magic.\n"); Free(firmware_buf); return NULL; } StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->header_len, FIELD_LEN(header_len)); StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->firmware_sign_algorithm, FIELD_LEN(firmware_sign_algorithm)); /* Valid Algorithm? */ if (image->firmware_sign_algorithm >= kNumAlgorithms) { Free(firmware_buf); return NULL; } /* Compute size of pre-processed RSA public key and signature. */ firmware_sign_key_len = RSAProcessedKeySize(image->firmware_sign_algorithm); signature_len = siglen_map[image->firmware_sign_algorithm]; /* Check whether the header length is correct. */ header_len = (FIELD_LEN(header_len) + FIELD_LEN(firmware_sign_algorithm) + firmware_sign_key_len + FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_version) + FIELD_LEN(header_checksum)); if (header_len != image->header_len) { fprintf(stderr, "Header length mismatch. Got: %d Expected: %d\n", image->header_len, header_len); Free(firmware_buf); return NULL; } /* Read pre-processed public half of the sign key. */ image->firmware_sign_key = (uint8_t*) Malloc(firmware_sign_key_len); StatefulMemcpy(&st, image->firmware_sign_key, firmware_sign_key_len); StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->firmware_key_version, FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_version)); StatefulMemcpy(&st, image->header_checksum, FIELD_LEN(header_checksum)); /* Read key signature. */ StatefulMemcpy(&st, image->firmware_key_signature, FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_signature)); /* Read the firmware preamble. */ StatefulMemcpy(&st,&image->firmware_version, FIELD_LEN(firmware_version)); StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->firmware_len, FIELD_LEN(firmware_len)); StatefulMemcpy(&st, image->preamble, FIELD_LEN(preamble)); /* Read firmware preamble signature. */ image->preamble_signature = (uint8_t*) Malloc(signature_len); StatefulMemcpy(&st, image->preamble_signature, signature_len); image->firmware_signature = (uint8_t*) Malloc(signature_len); StatefulMemcpy(&st, image->firmware_signature, signature_len); image->firmware_data = (uint8_t*) Malloc(image->firmware_len); StatefulMemcpy(&st, image->firmware_data, image->firmware_len); if(st.remaining_len != 0) { /* Overrun or underrun. */ Free(firmware_buf); return NULL; } Free(firmware_buf); return image; } int GetFirmwareHeaderLen(const FirmwareImage* image) { return (FIELD_LEN(header_len) + FIELD_LEN(firmware_sign_algorithm) + RSAProcessedKeySize(image->firmware_sign_algorithm) + FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_version) + FIELD_LEN(header_checksum)); } uint8_t* GetFirmwareHeaderBlob(const FirmwareImage* image) { uint8_t* header_blob = NULL; MemcpyState st; header_blob = (uint8_t*) Malloc(GetFirmwareHeaderLen(image)); st.remaining_len = GetFirmwareHeaderLen(image); st.remaining_buf = header_blob; StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->header_len, FIELD_LEN(header_len)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->firmware_sign_algorithm, FIELD_LEN(header_len)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->firmware_sign_key, RSAProcessedKeySize(image->firmware_sign_algorithm)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->firmware_key_version, FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_version)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->header_checksum, FIELD_LEN(header_checksum)); if (st.remaining_len != 0) { /* Underrun or Overrun. */ Free(header_blob); return NULL; } return header_blob; } int GetFirmwarePreambleLen(const FirmwareImage* image) { return (FIELD_LEN(firmware_version) + FIELD_LEN(firmware_len) + FIELD_LEN(preamble)); } uint8_t* GetFirmwarePreambleBlob(const FirmwareImage* image) { uint8_t* preamble_blob = NULL; MemcpyState st; preamble_blob = (uint8_t*) Malloc(GetFirmwarePreambleLen(image)); st.remaining_len = GetFirmwarePreambleLen(image); st.remaining_buf = preamble_blob; StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->firmware_version, FIELD_LEN(firmware_version)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->firmware_len, FIELD_LEN(firmware_len)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->preamble, FIELD_LEN(preamble)); if (st.remaining_len != 0 ) { /* Underrun or Overrun. */ Free(preamble_blob); return NULL; } return preamble_blob; } uint8_t* GetFirmwareBlob(const FirmwareImage* image, int* blob_len) { int firmware_signature_len; uint8_t* firmware_blob = NULL; uint8_t* header_blob = NULL; uint8_t* preamble_blob = NULL; MemcpyState st; if (!image) return NULL; firmware_signature_len = siglen_map[image->firmware_sign_algorithm]; *blob_len = (FIELD_LEN(magic) + GetFirmwareHeaderLen(image) + FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_signature) + GetFirmwarePreambleLen(image) + 2 * firmware_signature_len + image->firmware_len); firmware_blob = (uint8_t*) Malloc(*blob_len); st.remaining_len = *blob_len; st.remaining_buf = firmware_blob; header_blob = GetFirmwareHeaderBlob(image); preamble_blob = GetFirmwarePreambleBlob(image); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->magic, FIELD_LEN(magic)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, header_blob, GetFirmwareHeaderLen(image)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->firmware_key_signature, FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_signature)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, preamble_blob, GetFirmwarePreambleLen(image)); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->preamble_signature, firmware_signature_len); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->firmware_signature, firmware_signature_len); StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->firmware_data, image->firmware_len); Free(preamble_blob); Free(header_blob); if (st.remaining_len != 0) { /* Underrun or Overrun. */ Free(firmware_blob); return NULL; } return firmware_blob; } int WriteFirmwareImage(const char* input_file, const FirmwareImage* image) { int fd; uint8_t* firmware_blob; int blob_len; if (!image) return 0; if (-1 == (fd = creat(input_file, S_IRWXU))) { fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open file for writing.\n"); return 0; } firmware_blob = GetFirmwareBlob(image, &blob_len); if (!firmware_blob) { fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't create firmware blob from FirmwareImage.\n"); return 0; } if (blob_len != write(fd, firmware_blob, blob_len)) { fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't write Firmware Image to file: %s\n", input_file); Free(firmware_blob); close(fd); return 0; } Free(firmware_blob); close(fd); return 1; } void PrintFirmwareImage(const FirmwareImage* image) { if (!image) return; /* Print header. */ printf("Header Length = %d\n" "Algorithm Id = %d\n" "Signature Algorithm = %s\n" "Key Version = %d\n\n", image->header_len, image->firmware_sign_algorithm, algo_strings[image->firmware_sign_algorithm], image->firmware_key_version); /* TODO(gauravsh): Output hash and key signature here? */ /* Print preamble. */ printf("Firmware Version = %d\n" "Firmware Length = %d\n\n", image->firmware_version, image->firmware_len); /* Output key signature here? */ } char* kVerifyFirmwareErrors[VERIFY_FIRMWARE_MAX] = { "Success.", "Invalid Image.", "Root Key Signature Failed.", "Invalid Verification Algorithm.", "Preamble Signature Failed.", "Firmware Signature Failed.", "Wrong Firmware Magic.", }; int VerifyFirmwareHeader(const uint8_t* root_key_blob, const uint8_t* header_blob, const int dev_mode, int* algorithm, int* header_len) { int firmware_sign_key_len; int root_key_len; uint16_t hlen, algo; uint8_t* header_checksum = NULL; /* Base Offset for the header_checksum field. Actual offset is * this + firmware_sign_key_len. */ int base_header_checksum_offset = (FIELD_LEN(header_len) + FIELD_LEN(firmware_sign_algorithm) + FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_version)); root_key_len = RSAProcessedKeySize(ROOT_SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM); Memcpy(&hlen, header_blob, sizeof(hlen)); Memcpy(&algo, header_blob + FIELD_LEN(firmware_sign_algorithm), sizeof(algo)); if (algo >= kNumAlgorithms) return VERIFY_FIRMWARE_INVALID_ALGORITHM; *algorithm = (int) algo; firmware_sign_key_len = RSAProcessedKeySize(*algorithm); /* Verify if header len is correct? */ if (hlen != (base_header_checksum_offset + firmware_sign_key_len + FIELD_LEN(header_checksum))) return VERIFY_FIRMWARE_INVALID_IMAGE; *header_len = (int) hlen; /* Verify if the hash of the header is correct. */ header_checksum = DigestBuf(header_blob, *header_len - FIELD_LEN(header_checksum), SHA512_DIGEST_ALGORITHM); if (SafeMemcmp(header_checksum, header_blob + (base_header_checksum_offset + firmware_sign_key_len), FIELD_LEN(header_checksum))) { Free(header_checksum); return VERIFY_FIRMWARE_INVALID_IMAGE; } Free(header_checksum); /* Verify root key signature unless we are in dev mode. */ if (!dev_mode) { if (!RSAVerifyBinary_f(root_key_blob, NULL, /* Key to use */ header_blob, /* Data to verify */ *header_len, /* Length of data */ header_blob + *header_len, /* Expected Signature */ ROOT_SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM)) return VERIFY_FIRMWARE_ROOT_SIGNATURE_FAILED; } return 0; } int VerifyFirmwarePreamble(RSAPublicKey* firmware_sign_key, const uint8_t* preamble_blob, int algorithm, int* firmware_len) { uint32_t len; int preamble_len; preamble_len = (FIELD_LEN(firmware_version) + FIELD_LEN(firmware_len) + FIELD_LEN(preamble)); if (!RSAVerifyBinary_f(NULL, firmware_sign_key, /* Key to use */ preamble_blob, /* Data to verify */ preamble_len, /* Length of data */ preamble_blob + preamble_len, /* Expected Signature */ algorithm)) return VERIFY_FIRMWARE_PREAMBLE_SIGNATURE_FAILED; Memcpy(&len, preamble_blob + FIELD_LEN(firmware_version), sizeof(len)); *firmware_len = (int) len; return 0; } int VerifyFirmwareData(RSAPublicKey* firmware_sign_key, const uint8_t* firmware_data_start, int firmware_len, int algorithm) { int signature_len = siglen_map[algorithm]; if (!RSAVerifyBinary_f(NULL, firmware_sign_key, /* Key to use. */ firmware_data_start + signature_len, /* Data to * verify */ firmware_len, /* Length of data. */ firmware_data_start, /* Expected Signature */ algorithm)) return VERIFY_FIRMWARE_SIGNATURE_FAILED; return 0; } int VerifyFirmware(const uint8_t* root_key_blob, const uint8_t* firmware_blob, const int dev_mode) { int error_code; int algorithm; /* Signing key algorithm. */ RSAPublicKey* firmware_sign_key; int firmware_sign_key_len, signature_len, header_len, firmware_len; const uint8_t* header_ptr; /* Pointer to header. */ const uint8_t* firmware_sign_key_ptr; /* Pointer to signing key. */ const uint8_t* preamble_ptr; /* Pointer to preamble block. */ const uint8_t* firmware_ptr; /* Pointer to firmware signature/data. */ /* Note: All the offset calculations are based on struct FirmwareImage which * is defined in include/firmware_image.h. */ /* Compare magic bytes. */ if (SafeMemcmp(firmware_blob, FIRMWARE_MAGIC, FIRMWARE_MAGIC_SIZE)) return VERIFY_FIRMWARE_WRONG_MAGIC; header_ptr = firmware_blob + FIRMWARE_MAGIC_SIZE; /* Only continue if header verification succeeds. */ if ((error_code = VerifyFirmwareHeader(root_key_blob, header_ptr, dev_mode, &algorithm, &header_len))) return error_code; /* AKA jump to revovery. */ /* Parse signing key into RSAPublicKey structure since it is required multiple * times. */ firmware_sign_key_len = RSAProcessedKeySize(algorithm); firmware_sign_key_ptr = header_ptr + (FIELD_LEN(header_len) + FIELD_LEN(firmware_sign_algorithm)); firmware_sign_key = RSAPublicKeyFromBuf(firmware_sign_key_ptr, firmware_sign_key_len); signature_len = siglen_map[algorithm]; /* Only continue if preamble verification succeeds. */ preamble_ptr = (header_ptr + header_len + FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_signature)); if ((error_code = VerifyFirmwarePreamble(firmware_sign_key, preamble_ptr, algorithm, &firmware_len))) return error_code; /* AKA jump to recovery. */ /* Only continue if firmware data verification succeeds. */ firmware_ptr = (preamble_ptr + FIELD_LEN(firmware_version) + FIELD_LEN(firmware_len) + FIELD_LEN(preamble) + signature_len); if ((error_code = VerifyFirmwareData(firmware_sign_key, firmware_ptr, firmware_len, algorithm))) return error_code; /* AKA jump to recovery. */ return 0; /* Success! */ } int VerifyFirmwareImage(const RSAPublicKey* root_key, const FirmwareImage* image, const int dev_mode) { RSAPublicKey* firmware_sign_key; uint8_t* header_digest = NULL; uint8_t* preamble_digest = NULL; uint8_t* firmware_digest = NULL; int firmware_sign_key_size; int signature_size; int error_code = 0; DigestContext ctx; if (!image) return VERIFY_FIRMWARE_INVALID_IMAGE; /* Verify root key signature on the sign key header if we * are not in dev mode. * * TODO(gauravsh): Add additional sanity checks here for: * 1) verifying the header length is correct. * 2) header_checksum is correct. */ if (!dev_mode) { DigestInit(&ctx, ROOT_SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->header_len, FIELD_LEN(header_len)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->firmware_sign_algorithm, FIELD_LEN(firmware_sign_algorithm)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, image->firmware_sign_key, RSAProcessedKeySize(image->firmware_sign_algorithm)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->firmware_key_version, FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_version)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, image->header_checksum, FIELD_LEN(header_checksum)); header_digest = DigestFinal(&ctx); if (!RSAVerify(root_key, image->firmware_key_signature, FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_signature), ROOT_SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM, header_digest)) { error_code = VERIFY_FIRMWARE_ROOT_SIGNATURE_FAILED; goto verify_failure; } } /* Get sign key to verify the rest of the firmware. */ firmware_sign_key_size = RSAProcessedKeySize(image->firmware_sign_algorithm); firmware_sign_key = RSAPublicKeyFromBuf(image->firmware_sign_key, firmware_sign_key_size); signature_size = siglen_map[image->firmware_sign_algorithm]; if (image->firmware_sign_algorithm >= kNumAlgorithms) return VERIFY_FIRMWARE_INVALID_ALGORITHM; /* Verify firmware preamble signature. */ DigestInit(&ctx, image->firmware_sign_algorithm); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->firmware_version, FIELD_LEN(firmware_version)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->firmware_len, FIELD_LEN(firmware_len)); DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->preamble, FIELD_LEN(preamble)); preamble_digest = DigestFinal(&ctx); if (!RSAVerify(firmware_sign_key, image->preamble_signature, signature_size, image->firmware_sign_algorithm, preamble_digest)) { error_code = VERIFY_FIRMWARE_PREAMBLE_SIGNATURE_FAILED; goto verify_failure; } /* Verify firmware signature. */ firmware_digest = DigestBuf(image->firmware_data, image->firmware_len, image->firmware_sign_algorithm); if (!RSAVerify(firmware_sign_key, image->firmware_signature, signature_size, image->firmware_sign_algorithm, firmware_digest)) { error_code = VERIFY_FIRMWARE_SIGNATURE_FAILED; goto verify_failure; } verify_failure: Free(firmware_digest); Free(preamble_digest); Free(header_digest); return error_code; } const char* VerifyFirmwareErrorString(int error) { return kVerifyFirmwareErrors[error]; } int AddFirmwareKeySignature(FirmwareImage* image, const char* root_key_file) { uint8_t* header_blob = NULL; uint8_t* signature; if (!image || !root_key_file) return 0; header_blob = GetFirmwareHeaderBlob(image); if (!header_blob) return 0; if (!(signature = SignatureBuf(header_blob, GetFirmwareHeaderLen(image), root_key_file, ROOT_SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM))) { Free(header_blob); return 0; } Memcpy(image->firmware_key_signature, signature, RSA8192NUMBYTES); Free(header_blob); Free(signature); return 1; } int AddFirmwareSignature(FirmwareImage* image, const char* signing_key_file) { uint8_t* preamble_blob; uint8_t* preamble_signature; uint8_t* firmware_signature; int signature_len = siglen_map[image->firmware_sign_algorithm]; preamble_blob = GetFirmwarePreambleBlob(image); if (!(preamble_signature = SignatureBuf(preamble_blob, GetFirmwarePreambleLen(image), signing_key_file, image->firmware_sign_algorithm))) { Free(preamble_blob); return 0; } image->preamble_signature = (uint8_t*) Malloc(signature_len); Memcpy(image->preamble_signature, preamble_signature, signature_len); Free(preamble_signature); if (!(firmware_signature = SignatureBuf(image->firmware_data, image->firmware_len, signing_key_file, image->firmware_sign_algorithm))) return 0; image->firmware_signature = (uint8_t*) Malloc(signature_len); Memcpy(image->firmware_signature, firmware_signature, signature_len); Free(firmware_signature); return 1; }