VAULT-25341 Address issue where having no permissions to renew caused auto-auth to attempt to renew with no backoff (#26844)

* VAULT-25341 Address issue where having no permissions to renew caused Agent and Proxy auth to attempt to renew with no backoff

* Fiddle with go.mod changes that shouldn't have happened

* VAULT-25341 small cleanup and extra test

* VAULT-25341 backoff only in error case

* VAULT-25341 godocs

* VAULT-25342 changelog

* Update command/agent_test.go

Co-authored-by: divyaac <divya.chandrasekaran@hashicorp.com>

* VAULT-25341 rename file audit

---------

Co-authored-by: divyaac <divya.chandrasekaran@hashicorp.com>

api/lifetime_watcher.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ package api
 import (
 	"errors"
 	"math/rand"
+	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
@@ -289,12 +290,18 @@ func (r *LifetimeWatcher) doRenewWithOptions(tokenMode bool, nonRenewable bool,
 		switch {
 		case nonRenewable || r.renewBehavior == RenewBehaviorRenewDisabled:
 			// Can't or won't renew, just keep the same expiration so we exit
-			// when it's reauthentication time
+			// when it's re-authentication time
 			remainingLeaseDuration = fallbackLeaseDuration
 
 		default:
 			// Renew the token
 			renewal, err = renew(credString, r.increment)
+			if err != nil && strings.Contains(err.Error(), "permission denied") {
+				// We can't renew since the token doesn't have permission to. Fall back
+				// to the code path for non-renewable tokens.
+				nonRenewable = true
+				continue
+			}
 			if err != nil || renewal == nil || (tokenMode && renewal.Auth == nil) {
 				if r.renewBehavior == RenewBehaviorErrorOnErrors {
 					if err != nil {

api/renewer_test.go

@@ -177,6 +177,20 @@ func TestLifetimeWatcher(t *testing.T) {
 			expectError:   nil,
 			expectRenewal: true,
 		},
+		{
+			maxTestTime:          time.Second,
+			name:                 "permission_denied_error",
+			leaseDurationSeconds: 60,
+			incrementSeconds:     10,
+			// This should cause the lifetime watcher to behave just
+			// like a non-renewable secret, i.e. wait until its lifetime
+			// then be done.
+			renew: func(_ string, _ int) (*Secret, error) {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("permission denied")
+			},
+			expectError:   nil,
+			expectRenewal: false,
+		},
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range cases {
@@ -204,7 +218,9 @@ func TestLifetimeWatcher(t *testing.T) {
 			for {
 				select {
 				case <-time.After(tc.maxTestTime):
-					t.Fatalf("renewal didn't happen")
+					if tc.expectRenewal || tc.expectError != nil {
+						t.Fatalf("expected error or renewal, and neither happened")
+					}
 				case r := <-v.RenewCh():
 					if !tc.expectRenewal {
 						t.Fatal("expected no renewals")

changelog/26844.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+```release-note:bug
+auto-auth: Addressed issue where having no permissions to renew a renewable token caused auto-auth to attempt to renew constantly with no backoff
+```

command/agent_test.go

@@ -3179,6 +3179,143 @@ vault {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestAgent_TokenRenewal tests that LifeTimeWatcher does not make
+// many renewal attempts if the token's policy does not allow for it to renew
+// itself. Prior to a bug fix in the PR that added this test, this would have resulted
+// in hundreds of token renewal requests with no backoff.
+func TestAgent_TokenRenewal(t *testing.T) {
+	logger := logging.NewVaultLogger(hclog.Trace)
+	cluster := vault.NewTestCluster(t, nil, &vault.TestClusterOptions{
+		HandlerFunc: vaulthttp.Handler,
+	})
+	cluster.Start()
+	defer cluster.Cleanup()
+
+	serverClient := cluster.Cores[0].Client
+
+	auditLogFileName := makeTempFile(t, "audit-log", "")
+	err := serverClient.Sys().EnableAuditWithOptions("file-audit-for-TestAgent_TokenRenewal", &api.EnableAuditOptions{
+		Type: "file",
+		Options: map[string]string{
+			"file_path": auditLogFileName,
+		},
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Unset the environment variable so that agent picks up the right test
+	// cluster address
+	defer os.Setenv(api.EnvVaultAddress, os.Getenv(api.EnvVaultAddress))
+	os.Unsetenv(api.EnvVaultAddress)
+
+	policyName := "less-than-default"
+	// Has a subset of the default policy's permissions
+	// Specifically removing renew-self.
+	err = serverClient.Sys().PutPolicy(policyName, `
+path "auth/token/lookup-self" {
+    capabilities = ["read"]
+}
+
+# Allow tokens to revoke themselves
+path "auth/token/revoke-self" {
+    capabilities = ["update"]
+}
+
+# Allow a token to look up its own capabilities on a path
+path "sys/capabilities-self" {
+    capabilities = ["update"]
+}
+`)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	renewable := true
+	// Make the token renewable but give it no permissions
+	// (e.g. the permission to renew itself)
+	tokenCreateRequest := &api.TokenCreateRequest{
+		Policies:        []string{policyName},
+		TTL:             "10s",
+		Renewable:       &renewable,
+		NoDefaultPolicy: true,
+	}
+
+	secret, err := serverClient.Auth().Token().CreateOrphan(tokenCreateRequest)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	lowPermissionToken := secret.Auth.ClientToken
+
+	tokenFileName := makeTempFile(t, "token-file", lowPermissionToken)
+
+	sinkFileName := makeTempFile(t, "sink-file", "")
+
+	autoAuthConfig := fmt.Sprintf(`
+auto_auth {
+    method {
+		type = "token_file"
+        config = {
+            token_file_path = "%s"
+        }
+    }
+
+	sink "file" {
+		config = {
+			path = "%s"
+		}
+	}
+}`, tokenFileName, sinkFileName)
+
+	config := fmt.Sprintf(`
+vault {
+  address = "%s"
+  tls_skip_verify = true
+}
+
+log_level = "trace"
+
+%s
+`, serverClient.Address(), autoAuthConfig)
+	configPath := makeTempFile(t, "config.hcl", config)
+
+	// Start the agent
+	ui, cmd := testAgentCommand(t, logger)
+
+	cmd.startedCh = make(chan struct{})
+
+	wg := &sync.WaitGroup{}
+	wg.Add(1)
+	go func() {
+		cmd.Run([]string{"-config", configPath})
+		wg.Done()
+	}()
+
+	select {
+	case <-cmd.startedCh:
+	case <-time.After(5 * time.Second):
+		t.Errorf("timeout")
+		t.Errorf("stdout: %s", ui.OutputWriter.String())
+		t.Errorf("stderr: %s", ui.ErrorWriter.String())
+	}
+
+	// Sleep, to allow the renewal/auth process to work and ensure that it doesn't
+	// go crazy with renewals.
+	time.Sleep(30 * time.Second)
+
+	fileBytes, err := os.ReadFile(auditLogFileName)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	stringAudit := string(fileBytes)
+
+	// This is a bit of an imperfect way to test things, but we want to make sure
+	// that a token like this doesn't keep triggering retries.
+	// Due to the fact this is an auto-auth specific thing, unit tests for the
+	// LifetimeWatcher wouldn't be sufficient here.
+	// Prior to the fix made in the same PR this test was added, it would trigger many, many
+	// retries (hundreds to thousands in less than a minute).
+	// We really want to make sure that doesn't happen.
+	numberOfRenewSelves := strings.Count(stringAudit, "auth/token/renew-self")
+	// We actually expect ~6, but I added some buffer for CI weirdness. It can also vary
+	// due to the grace added/removed from the sleep in LifetimeWatcher too.
+	if numberOfRenewSelves > 10 {
+		t.Fatalf("did too many renews -- Vault received %d renew-self requests", numberOfRenewSelves)
+	}
+}
+
 // TestAgent_Logging_ConsulTemplate attempts to ensure two things about Vault Agent logs:
 // 1. When -log-format command line arg is set to JSON, it is honored as the output format
 // for messages generated from within the consul-template library.

command/agentproxyshared/auth/auth.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
+	"fmt"
 	"math"
 	"math/rand"
 	"net/http"
@@ -478,10 +479,9 @@ func (ah *AuthHandler) Run(ctx context.Context, am AuthMethod) error {
 		}
 
 		metrics.IncrCounter([]string{ah.metricsSignifier, "auth", "success"}, 1)
-		// We don't want to trigger the renewal process for tokens with
+		// We don't want to trigger the renewal process for the root token
-		// unlimited TTL, such as the root token.
+		if isRootToken(leaseDuration, isTokenFileMethod, secret) {
-		if leaseDuration == 0 && isTokenFileMethod {
+			ah.logger.Info("not starting token renewal process, as token is root token")
-			ah.logger.Info("not starting token renewal process, as token has unlimited TTL")
 		} else {
 			ah.logger.Info("starting renewal process")
 			go watcher.Renew()
@@ -496,11 +496,31 @@ func (ah *AuthHandler) Run(ctx context.Context, am AuthMethod) error {
 				break LifetimeWatcherLoop
 
 			case err := <-watcher.DoneCh():
-				ah.logger.Info("lifetime watcher done channel triggered")
+				ah.logger.Info("lifetime watcher done channel triggered, re-authenticating")
 				if err != nil {
+					ah.logger.Error("error renewing token", "error", err, "backoff", backoffCfg)
 					metrics.IncrCounter([]string{ah.metricsSignifier, "auth", "failure"}, 1)
-					ah.logger.Error("error renewing token", "error", err)
+
+					// Add some exponential backoff so that if auth is successful
+					// but the watcher errors, we won't go into an immediate
+					// aggressive retry loop.
+					// This might be quite a small sleep, since if we have a successful
+					// auth, we reset the backoff. Still, some backoff is important, and
+					// ensuring we follow the normal flow is important:
+					// auth -> try to renew
+					if !backoffSleep(ctx, backoffCfg) {
+						// We're at max retries. Return an error.
+						return fmt.Errorf("exceeded max retries failing to renew auth token")
 					}
+				}
+
+				// If the lease duration is 0, wait a second before re-authenticating
+				// so that we don't go into a loop, as the LifetimeWatcher will immediately
+				// return for tokens like this.
+				if leaseDuration == 0 {
+					time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+				}
+
 				break LifetimeWatcherLoop
 
 			case <-watcher.RenewCh():
@@ -523,6 +543,24 @@ func (ah *AuthHandler) Run(ctx context.Context, am AuthMethod) error {
 	}
 }
 
+// isRootToken checks if the secret in the argument is the root token
+// This is determinable without leaseDuration and isTokenFileMethod,
+// but those make it easier to rule out other tokens cheaply.
+func isRootToken(leaseDuration int, isTokenFileMethod bool, secret *api.Secret) bool {
+	// This check is cheaper than the others, so we do this first.
+	if leaseDuration == 0 && isTokenFileMethod && !secret.Renewable {
+		if secret != nil {
+			policies, err := secret.TokenPolicies()
+			if err == nil {
+				if len(policies) == 1 && policies[0] == "root" {
+					return true
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 // autoAuthBackoff tracks exponential backoff state.
 type autoAuthBackoff struct {
 	backoff *backoff.Backoff