add lastAccess and created

Signed-off-by: zhiqiand <zhiqian@fb.com>

helm/values.yaml

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ fullnameOverride: ""
 images:
   owrrm:
     repository: tip-tip-wlan-cloud-ucentral.jfrog.io/owrrm
-    tag: v2.7.0-RC1
+    tag: main
     pullPolicy: Always
 #    regcred:
 #      registry: tip-tip-wlan-cloud-ucentral.jfrog.io

openapi.yaml

@@ -478,8 +478,10 @@ components:
     RRMSchedule:
       type: object
       properties:
-        cron:
+        crons:
-          type: string
+          type: array
+          items:
+            type: string
         algorithms:
           type: array
           items:

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/RRMAlgorithm.java

@@ -143,6 +143,9 @@ public class RRMAlgorithm {
 	 * @param dryRun if set, do not apply changes
 	 * @param allowDefaultMode if false, "mode" argument must be present and
 	 *                         valid (returns error if invalid)
+	 * @param updateImmediately true if the method should queue the zone for
+	 * 							update and interrupt the config manager thread
+	 * 							to trigger immediate update
 	 *
 	 * @return the algorithm result, with exactly one field set ("error" upon
 	 *         failure, any others upon success)
@@ -153,7 +156,8 @@ public class RRMAlgorithm {
 		Modeler modeler,
 		String zone,
 		boolean dryRun,
-		boolean allowDefaultMode
+		boolean allowDefaultMode,
+		boolean updateImmediately
 	) {
 		AlgorithmResult result = new AlgorithmResult();
 		if (name == null || args == null) {
@@ -212,11 +216,14 @@ public class RRMAlgorithm {
 			}
 			result.channelMap = optimizer.computeChannelMap();
 			if (!dryRun) {
-				optimizer.applyConfig(
+				optimizer.updateDeviceApConfig(
 					deviceDataManager,
 					configManager,
 					result.channelMap
 				);
+				if (updateImmediately) {
+					configManager.queueZoneAndWakeUp(zone);
+				}
 			}
 		} else if (
 			name.equals(RRMAlgorithm.AlgorithmType.OptimizeTxPower.name())
@@ -270,11 +277,14 @@ public class RRMAlgorithm {
 			}
 			result.txPowerMap = optimizer.computeTxPowerMap();
 			if (!dryRun) {
-				optimizer.applyConfig(
+				optimizer.updateDeviceApConfig(
 					deviceDataManager,
 					configManager,
 					result.txPowerMap
 				);
+				if (updateImmediately) {
+					configManager.queueZoneAndWakeUp(zone);
+				}
 			}
 		} else {
 			result.error = String.format("Unknown algorithm: '%s'", name);

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/RRMConfig.java

@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ public class RRMConfig {
 			 * The main logic loop interval (i.e. sleep time), in ms
 			 * ({@code DATACOLLECTORPARAMS_UPDATEINTERVALMS})
 			 */
-			public int updateIntervalMs = 5000;
+			public int updateIntervalMs = 30000; // 30sec
 
 			/**
 			 * The expected device statistics interval, in seconds (or -1 to
@@ -246,13 +246,13 @@ public class RRMConfig {
 			 * automatic scans)
 			 * ({@code DATACOLLECTORPARAMS_WIFISCANINTERVALSEC})
 			 */
-			public int wifiScanIntervalSec = 900;
+			public int wifiScanIntervalSec = 900; // 15min
 
 			/**
 			 * The capabilities request interval (per device), in seconds
 			 * ({@code DATACOLLECTORPARAMS_CAPABILITIESINTERVALSEC})
 			 */
-			public int capabilitiesIntervalSec = 3600;
+			public int capabilitiesIntervalSec = 3600; // 1hr
 
 			/**
 			 * Number of executor threads for async tasks (ex. wifi scans)
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ public class RRMConfig {
 			 * The main logic loop interval (i.e. sleep time), in ms
 			 * ({@code CONFIGMANAGERPARAMS_UPDATEINTERVALMS})
 			 */
-			public int updateIntervalMs = 60000;
+			public int updateIntervalMs = 120000; // 2min
 
 			/**
 			 * Enable pushing device config changes?
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ public class RRMConfig {
 			 * Sync interval, in ms, for owprov venue information etc.
 			 * ({@code PROVMONITORPARAMS_SYNCINTERVALMS})
 			 */
-			public int syncIntervalMs = 300000;
+			public int syncIntervalMs = 300000; // 5min
 		}
 
 		/** ProvMonitor parameters. */

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/RRMSchedule.java

@@ -19,9 +19,9 @@ public class RRMSchedule {
 	 *
 	 * This field expects a cron-like format as defined by the Quartz Job
 	 * Scheduler (CronTrigger):
-	 * https://www.quartz-scheduler.org/documentation/quartz-2.3.0/tutorials/crontrigger.html
+	 * https://www.quartz-scheduler.org/documentation/quartz-2.4.0/tutorials/crontrigger.html
 	 */
-	public String cron;
+	public List<String> crons;
 
 	/**
 	 * The list of RRM algorithms to run.

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/modules/ApiServer.java

@@ -302,12 +302,13 @@ public class ApiServer implements Runnable {
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Validate an OpenWiFi token (external), caching successful lookups.
+	 * Validate an OpenWiFi token (external), caching successful lookups. This will
+	 * validate a USER token - subscriber token won't work and will fail (plus only
+	 * users should be dealing with RRM).
 	 * @return true if token is valid
 	 */
 	private boolean validateOpenWifiToken(String token) {
 		// The below only checks /api/v1/validateToken and caches it as necessary.
-		// TODO - /api/v1/validateSubToken still has to be implemented.
 		Long expiry = tokenCache.get(token);
 		if (expiry == null) {
 			TokenValidationResult result = client.validateToken(token);
@@ -711,7 +712,8 @@ public class ApiServer implements Runnable {
 				modeler,
 				venue,
 				mock,
-				true /* allowDefaultMode */
+				true, /* allowDefaultMode */
+				true /* updateImmediately */
 			);
 			if (result.error != null) {
 				response.status(400);
@@ -917,7 +919,7 @@ public class ApiServer implements Runnable {
 				DeviceConfig networkConfig =
 					gson.fromJson(request.body(), DeviceConfig.class);
 				deviceDataManager.setDeviceNetworkConfig(networkConfig);
-				configManager.wakeUp();
+				configManager.queueAllZonesAndWakeUp();
 
 				// Revalidate data model
 				modeler.revalidate();
@@ -981,7 +983,7 @@ public class ApiServer implements Runnable {
 				DeviceConfig zoneConfig =
 					gson.fromJson(request.body(), DeviceConfig.class);
 				deviceDataManager.setDeviceZoneConfig(zone, zoneConfig);
-				configManager.wakeUp();
+				configManager.queueZoneAndWakeUp(zone);
 
 				// Revalidate data model
 				modeler.revalidate();
@@ -1044,7 +1046,10 @@ public class ApiServer implements Runnable {
 				DeviceConfig apConfig =
 					gson.fromJson(request.body(), DeviceConfig.class);
 				deviceDataManager.setDeviceApConfig(serialNumber, apConfig);
-				configManager.wakeUp();
+				// TODO enable updates to device(s), not just the entire zone
+				final String zone =
+					deviceDataManager.getDeviceZone(serialNumber);
+				configManager.queueZoneAndWakeUp(zone);
 
 				// Revalidate data model
 				modeler.revalidate();
@@ -1117,7 +1122,10 @@ public class ApiServer implements Runnable {
 						.computeIfAbsent(serialNumber, k -> new DeviceConfig())
 						.apply(apConfig);
 				});
-				configManager.wakeUp();
+				final String zone =
+					deviceDataManager.getDeviceZone(serialNumber);
+				// TODO enable updates to device(s), not just the entire zone
+				configManager.queueZoneAndWakeUp(zone);
 
 				// Revalidate data model
 				modeler.revalidate();
@@ -1260,7 +1268,8 @@ public class ApiServer implements Runnable {
 				modeler,
 				zone,
 				dryRun,
-				false /* allowDefaultMode */
+				false, /* allowDefaultMode */
+				true /* updateImmediately */
 			);
 			if (result.error != null) {
 				response.status(400);
@@ -1371,7 +1380,8 @@ public class ApiServer implements Runnable {
 				modeler,
 				zone,
 				dryRun,
-				false /* allowDefaultMode */
+				false, /* allowDefaultMode */
+				true /* updateImmediately */
 			);
 			if (result.error != null) {
 				response.status(400);

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/modules/ConfigManager.java

@@ -10,9 +10,12 @@ package com.facebook.openwifirrm.modules;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.TreeMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
 
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
@@ -63,8 +66,11 @@ public class ConfigManager implements Runnable {
 	/** Is the main thread sleeping? */
 	private final AtomicBoolean sleepingFlag = new AtomicBoolean(false);
 
-	/** Was a manual config update requested? */
+	/**
-	private final AtomicBoolean eventFlag = new AtomicBoolean(false);
+	 * Thread-safe set of zones for which manual config updates have been
+	 * requested.
+	 */
+	private Set<String> zonesToUpdate = ConcurrentHashMap.newKeySet();
 
 	/** Config listener interface. */
 	public interface ConfigListener {
@@ -165,6 +171,7 @@ public class ConfigManager implements Runnable {
 				return;
 			}
 		}
+		client.refreshAccessToken();
 
 		// Fetch device list
 		List<DeviceWithStatus> devices = client.getDevices();
@@ -180,7 +187,10 @@ public class ConfigManager implements Runnable {
 		List<String> devicesNeedingUpdate = new ArrayList<>();
 		final long CONFIG_DEBOUNCE_INTERVAL_NS =
 			params.configDebounceIntervalSec * 1_000_000_000L;
-		final boolean isEvent = eventFlag.getAndSet(false);
+		Set<String> zonesToUpdateCopy = new HashSet<>(zonesToUpdate);
+		// use removeAll() instead of clear() in case items are added between
+		// the previous line and the following line
+		zonesToUpdate.removeAll(zonesToUpdateCopy);
 		for (DeviceWithStatus device : devices) {
 			// Update config structure
 			DeviceData data = deviceDataMap.computeIfAbsent(
@@ -201,11 +211,13 @@ public class ConfigManager implements Runnable {
 			for (ConfigListener listener : configListeners.values()) {
 				listener.receiveDeviceConfig(device.serialNumber, data.config);
 			}
-
+			// Check if there are requested updates for this zone
-			// Check event flag
+			String deviceZone =
+				deviceDataManager.getDeviceZone(device.serialNumber);
+			boolean isEvent = zonesToUpdateCopy.contains(deviceZone);
 			if (params.configOnEventOnly && !isEvent) {
 				logger.debug(
-					"Skipping config for {} (event flag not set)",
+					"Skipping config for {} (zone not marked for updates)",
 					device.serialNumber
 				);
 				continue;
@@ -251,15 +263,16 @@ public class ConfigManager implements Runnable {
 			}
 		}
 
+		final boolean shouldUpdate = !zonesToUpdateCopy.isEmpty();
 		// Send config changes to devices
 		if (!params.configEnabled) {
 			logger.trace("Config changes are disabled.");
 		} else if (devicesNeedingUpdate.isEmpty()) {
 			logger.debug("No device configs to send.");
-		} else if (params.configOnEventOnly && !isEvent) {
+		} else if (params.configOnEventOnly && !shouldUpdate) {
 			// shouldn't happen
 			logger.error(
-				"ERROR!! {} device(s) queued for config update, but event flag not set",
+				"ERROR!! {} device(s) queued for config update, but no zones queued for update.",
 				devicesNeedingUpdate.size()
 			);
 		} else {
@@ -364,9 +377,38 @@ public class ConfigManager implements Runnable {
 		return (configListeners.remove(id) != null);
 	}
 
-	/** Interrupt the main thread, possibly triggering an update immediately. */
+	/**
-	public void wakeUp() {
+	 * Mark the zone to be updated, then interrupt the main thread to possibly
-		eventFlag.set(true);
+	 * trigger an update immediately.
+	 *
+	 * @param zone non-null zone (i.e., venue)
+	 */
+	public void queueZoneAndWakeUp(String zone) {
+		if (zone == null) {
+			logger.debug("Zone to queue must be a non-null String.");
+			return;
+		}
+		zonesToUpdate.add(zone);
+		wakeUp();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Track all zones to be updated, then interrupt the main thread to possibly
+	 * trigger an update immediately.
+	 */
+	public void queueAllZonesAndWakeUp() {
+		/*
+		 * Note, addAll is not atomic, but that is ok. This just means that it
+		 * is possible that some zones may get updated now by the main thread
+		 * while others get updated either when the main thread is woken up or
+		 * the next time the main thread does its periodic update.
+		 */
+		zonesToUpdate.addAll(deviceDataManager.getZones());
+		wakeUp();
+	}
+
+	/** Interrupt the main thread to possibly trigger an update immediately. */
+	private void wakeUp() {
 		if (mainThread != null && mainThread.isAlive() && sleepingFlag.get()) {
 			wakeupFlag.set(true);
 			mainThread.interrupt();

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/modules/DataCollector.java

@@ -218,6 +218,7 @@ public class DataCollector implements Runnable {
 				return;
 			}
 		}
+		client.refreshAccessToken();
 
 		// Fetch device list
 		List<DeviceWithStatus> devices = client.getDevices();

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/modules/Modeler.java

@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ public class Modeler implements Runnable {
 		public Map<String, State> latestState = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
 
 		/** List of radio info per device. */
-		public Map<String, JsonArray> latestDeviceStatus =
+		public Map<String, JsonArray> latestDeviceStatusRadios =
 			new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
 
 		/** List of capabilities per device. */
@@ -238,6 +238,7 @@ public class Modeler implements Runnable {
 				return;
 			}
 		}
+		client.refreshAccessToken();
 
 		// TODO: backfill data from database?
 
@@ -379,7 +380,7 @@ public class Modeler implements Runnable {
 		// Get old vs new radios info and store the new radios info
 		JsonArray newRadioList = config.getRadioConfigList();
 		Set<String> newRadioBandsSet = config.getRadioBandsSet(newRadioList);
-		JsonArray oldRadioList = dataModel.latestDeviceStatus
+		JsonArray oldRadioList = dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios
 			.put(serialNumber, newRadioList);
 		Set<String> oldRadioBandsSet = config.getRadioBandsSet(oldRadioList);
 
@@ -429,7 +430,7 @@ public class Modeler implements Runnable {
 			logger.debug("Removed some state entries from data model");
 		}
 		if (
-			dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.entrySet()
+			dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.entrySet()
 				.removeIf(e -> !isRRMEnabled(e.getKey()))
 		) {
 			logger.debug("Removed some status entries from data model");

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/modules/ModelerUtils.java

@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ import com.facebook.openwifirrm.aggregators.Aggregator;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.aggregators.MeanAggregator;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.modules.Modeler.DataModel;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.WifiScanEntry;
-import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.operationelement.HTOperationElement;
+import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.informationelement.HTOperation;
-import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.operationelement.VHTOperationElement;
+import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.informationelement.VHTOperation;
 
 /**
  * Modeler utilities.
@@ -239,9 +239,9 @@ public class ModelerUtils {
 		return Objects.equals(entry1.bssid, entry2.bssid) &&
 			entry1.frequency == entry2.frequency &&
 			entry1.channel == entry2.channel &&
-			HTOperationElement
+			HTOperation
 				.matchesHtForAggregation(entry1.ht_oper, entry2.ht_oper) &&
-			VHTOperationElement
+			VHTOperation
 				.matchesVhtForAggregation(entry1.vht_oper, entry2.vht_oper);
 	}
 

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/modules/ProvMonitor.java

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 package com.facebook.openwifirrm.modules;
 
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
@@ -102,6 +103,7 @@ public class ProvMonitor implements Runnable {
 				return;
 			}
 		}
+		client.refreshAccessToken();
 
 		// Fetch data from owprov
 		// TODO: this may change later - for now, we only fetch inventory and
@@ -159,12 +161,21 @@ public class ProvMonitor implements Runnable {
 			return null;
 		}
 
-		RRMSchedule schedule = new RRMSchedule();
+		String[] crons = RRMScheduler
-		schedule.cron = RRMScheduler
 			.parseIntoQuartzCron(details.rrm.schedule);
-		if (schedule.cron == null || schedule.cron.isEmpty()) {
+		if (crons == null || crons.length == 0) {
 			return null;
 		}
+		// if ANY crons are invalid throw it out since it doesn't make sense to
+		// schedule partial jobs
+		for (String cron : crons) {
+			if (cron == null || cron.isEmpty()) {
+				return null;
+			}
+		}
+
+		RRMSchedule schedule = new RRMSchedule();
+		schedule.crons = Arrays.asList(crons);
 
 		if (details.rrm.algorithms != null) {
 			schedule.algorithms =
@@ -175,6 +186,7 @@ public class ProvMonitor implements Runnable {
 					)
 					.collect(Collectors.toList());
 		}
+
 		return schedule;
 	}
 

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/modules/RRMScheduler.java

@@ -8,15 +8,15 @@
 
 package com.facebook.openwifirrm.modules;
 
+import java.text.ParseException;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Properties;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
-import java.text.ParseException;
 
-import org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder;
 import org.quartz.CronExpression;
+import org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder;
 import org.quartz.Job;
 import org.quartz.JobBuilder;
 import org.quartz.JobDetail;
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.DeviceConfig;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.DeviceDataManager;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.RRMAlgorithm;
+import com.facebook.openwifirrm.RRMSchedule;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.RRMConfig.ModuleConfig.RRMSchedulerParams;
 import com.google.gson.Gson;
 import com.google.gson.GsonBuilder;
@@ -74,15 +75,21 @@ public class RRMScheduler {
 	/** The scheduler instance. */
 	private Scheduler scheduler;
 
-	/** The zones with active triggers scheduled. */
+	/**
-	private Set<String> scheduledZones;
+	 * The job keys with active triggers scheduled. Job keys take the format of
+	 * {@code <zone>:<index>}
+	 *
+	 * @see #parseIntoQuartzCron(String)
+	 * */
+	private Set<String> scheduledJobKeys;
 
 	/** RRM job. */
 	public static class RRMJob implements Job {
 		@Override
 		public void execute(JobExecutionContext context)
 			throws JobExecutionException {
-			String zone = context.getTrigger().getKey().getName();
+			String jobKey = context.getTrigger().getKey().getName();
+			String zone = jobKey.split(":")[0];
 			logger.debug("Executing job for zone: {}", zone);
 			try {
 				SchedulerContext schedulerContext =
@@ -107,13 +114,14 @@ public class RRMScheduler {
 	 * @param linuxCron Linux cron with seconds
 	 *        (seconds minutes hours day_of_month month day_of_week [year])
 	 *
-	 * @throws IllegalArgumentException when a linux cron cannot be parsed
+	 * @throws IllegalArgumentException when a linux cron cannot be parsed into a
-	 *         into a valid Quartz spec
+	 *         valid Quartz spec
-	 * @return String a Quartz supported cron
+	 * @return String[] an array of length 1 or 2 of Quartz supported cron that's
+	 *         equivalent to the original linux cron
 	 */
-	public static String parseIntoQuartzCron(String linuxCron) {
+	public static String[] parseIntoQuartzCron(String linuxCron) {
 		if (CronExpression.isValidExpression(linuxCron)) {
-			return linuxCron;
+			return new String[] { linuxCron };
 		}
 
 		String[] split = linuxCron.split(" ");
@@ -144,15 +152,36 @@ public class RRMScheduler {
 			// if first case failed and only day of week is *, set to ?
 			split[DAY_OF_WEEK_INDEX] = "?";
 		} else {
-			// Quartz does not support both values being set, so return null
+			// Quartz does not support both values being set but the standard says that
-			return null;
+			// if both are specified then it becomes OR of the two fields. Which means
+			// that we can split it into two separate crons and have it work the same way
+			split[DAY_OF_MONTH_INDEX] = "?";
+			String dayOfWeekCron = String.join(" ", split);
+
+			split[DAY_OF_MONTH_INDEX] = dayOfMonth;
+			split[DAY_OF_WEEK_INDEX] = "?";
+			String dayOfMonthCron = String.join(" ", split);
+
+			if (
+				!CronExpression.isValidExpression(dayOfWeekCron) ||
+					!CronExpression.isValidExpression(dayOfMonthCron)
+			) {
+				logger.error(
+					"Unable to parse cron {} into valid crons",
+					linuxCron
+				);
+				return null;
+			}
+
+			return new String[] { dayOfWeekCron, dayOfMonthCron };
 		}
 
 		String quartzCron = String.join(" ", split);
 		if (!CronExpression.isValidExpression(quartzCron)) {
 			return null;
 		}
-		return quartzCron;
+
+		return new String[] { quartzCron };
 	}
 
 	/** Constructor. */
@@ -194,7 +223,7 @@ public class RRMScheduler {
 			// Schedule job and triggers
 			scheduler.addJob(job, false);
 			syncTriggers();
-			logger.info("Scheduled {} RRM trigger(s)", scheduledZones.size());
+			logger.info("Scheduled {} RRM trigger(s)", scheduledJobKeys.size());
 
 			// Start scheduler
 			scheduler.start();
@@ -218,85 +247,98 @@ public class RRMScheduler {
 
 	/**
 	 * Synchronize triggers to the current topology, adding/updating/deleting
-	 * them as necessary. This updates {@link #scheduledZones}.
+	 * them as necessary. This updates {@link #scheduledJobKeys}.
 	 */
 	public void syncTriggers() {
 		Set<String> scheduled = ConcurrentHashMap.newKeySet();
 		Set<String> prevScheduled = new HashSet<>();
-		if (scheduledZones != null) {
+		if (scheduledJobKeys != null) {
-			prevScheduled.addAll(scheduledZones);
+			prevScheduled.addAll(scheduledJobKeys);
 		}
 
 		// Add new triggers
 		for (String zone : deviceDataManager.getZones()) {
 			DeviceConfig config = deviceDataManager.getZoneConfig(zone);
+			RRMSchedule schedule = config.schedule;
 			if (
-				config.schedule == null ||
+				schedule == null || schedule.crons == null ||
-					config.schedule.cron == null ||
+					schedule.crons.isEmpty()
-					config.schedule.cron.isEmpty()
 			) {
 				continue; // RRM not scheduled
 			}
 
-			try {
+			for (int i = 0; i < schedule.crons.size(); i++) {
-				CronExpression.validateExpression(config.schedule.cron);
+				String cron = schedule.crons.get(i);
-			} catch (ParseException e) {
+				// if even one schedule has invalid cron, the whole thing is probably wrong
-				logger.error(
+				if (cron == null || cron.isEmpty()) {
-					String.format(
+					logger.error("There was an invalid cron in the schedule");
-						"Invalid cron expression (%s) for zone %s",
+					break;
-						config.schedule.cron,
+				}
-						zone
+
-					),
+				try {
-					e
+					CronExpression.validateExpression(cron);
+				} catch (ParseException e) {
+					logger.error(
+						String.format(
+							"Invalid cron expression (%s) for zone %s",
+							cron,
+							zone
+						),
+						e
+					);
+					continue;
+				}
+
+				// Create trigger
+				String jobKey = String.format("%s:%d", zone, i);
+				Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
+					.withIdentity(jobKey)
+					.forJob(job)
+					.withSchedule(
+						CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(cron)
+					)
+					.build();
+
+				try {
+					if (!prevScheduled.contains(jobKey)) {
+						scheduler.scheduleJob(trigger);
+					} else {
+						scheduler.rescheduleJob(trigger.getKey(), trigger);
+					}
+				} catch (SchedulerException e) {
+					logger.error(
+						"Failed to schedule RRM trigger for job key: " + jobKey,
+						e
+					);
+					continue;
+				}
+
+				scheduled.add(jobKey);
+				logger.debug(
+					"Scheduled/updated RRM for job key '{}' at: < {} >",
+					jobKey,
+					cron
 				);
-				continue;
 			}
 
-			// Create trigger
-			Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
-				.withIdentity(zone)
-				.forJob(job)
-				.withSchedule(
-					CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(config.schedule.cron)
-				)
-				.build();
-			try {
-				if (!prevScheduled.contains(zone)) {
-					scheduler.scheduleJob(trigger);
-				} else {
-					scheduler.rescheduleJob(trigger.getKey(), trigger);
-				}
-			} catch (SchedulerException e) {
-				logger.error(
-					"Failed to schedule RRM trigger for zone: " + zone,
-					e
-				);
-				continue;
-			}
-			scheduled.add(zone);
-			logger.debug(
-				"Scheduled/updated RRM for zone '{}' at: < {} >",
-				zone,
-				config.schedule.cron
-			);
 		}
 
 		// Remove old triggers
 		prevScheduled.removeAll(scheduled);
-		for (String zone : prevScheduled) {
+		for (String jobKey : prevScheduled) {
 			try {
-				scheduler.unscheduleJob(TriggerKey.triggerKey(zone));
+				scheduler.unscheduleJob(TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobKey));
 			} catch (SchedulerException e) {
 				logger.error(
-					"Failed to remove RRM trigger for zone: " + zone,
+					"Failed to remove RRM trigger for jobKey: " + jobKey,
 					e
 				);
 				continue;
 			}
-			logger.debug("Removed RRM trigger for zone '{}'", zone);
+			logger.debug("Removed RRM trigger for jobKey '{}'", jobKey);
 		}
 
-		this.scheduledZones = scheduled;
+		this.scheduledJobKeys = scheduled;
 	}
 
 	/** Run RRM algorithms for the given zone. */
@@ -305,16 +347,19 @@ public class RRMScheduler {
 
 		// Get algorithms from zone config
 		DeviceConfig config = deviceDataManager.getZoneConfig(zone);
-		if (config.schedule == null) {
+		RRMSchedule schedule = config.schedule;
+		if (schedule == null) {
 			logger.error("RRM schedule missing for zone '{}', aborting!", zone);
 			return;
 		}
+
 		if (
-			config.schedule.algorithms == null ||
+			schedule.algorithms == null ||
-				config.schedule.algorithms.isEmpty()
+				schedule.algorithms.isEmpty()
 		) {
-			logger.debug("Using default RRM algorithms for zone '{}'", zone);
+			logger
-			config.schedule.algorithms = Arrays.asList(
+				.debug("Using default RRM algorithms for zone '{}'", zone);
+			schedule.algorithms = Arrays.asList(
 				new RRMAlgorithm(
 					RRMAlgorithm.AlgorithmType.OptimizeChannel.name()
 				),
@@ -325,14 +370,15 @@ public class RRMScheduler {
 		}
 
 		// Execute algorithms
-		for (RRMAlgorithm algo : config.schedule.algorithms) {
+		for (RRMAlgorithm algo : schedule.algorithms) {
 			RRMAlgorithm.AlgorithmResult result = algo.run(
 				deviceDataManager,
 				configManager,
 				modeler,
 				zone,
 				params.dryRun,
-				true /* allowDefaultMode */
+				true, /* allowDefaultMode */
+				false /* updateImmediately */
 			);
 			logger.info(
 				"'{}' result for zone '{}': {}",
@@ -341,5 +387,6 @@ public class RRMScheduler {
 				gson.toJson(result)
 			);
 		}
+		configManager.queueZoneAndWakeUp(zone);
 	}
 }

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/mysql/DatabaseManager.java

@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ public class DatabaseManager {
 	/** Convert a list of state records to a State object. */
 	private State toState(List<StateRecord> records, long ts) {
 		State state = new State();
-		state.unit = state.new Unit();
+		state.unit = new State.Unit();
 		state.unit.localtime = ts;
 
 		// Parse each record
@@ -454,9 +454,10 @@ public class DatabaseManager {
 			.map(o -> gson.fromJson(o, State.Interface.class))
 			.collect(Collectors.toList())
 			.toArray(new State.Interface[0]);
-		state.radios = new JsonObject[radios.lastKey() + 1];
+		state.radios = new State.Radio[radios.lastKey() + 1];
 		for (Map.Entry<Integer, JsonObject> entry : radios.entrySet()) {
-			state.radios[entry.getKey()] = entry.getValue();
+			State.Radio radio = new State.Radio();
+			state.radios[entry.getKey()] = radio;
 		}
 		return state;
 	}

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/optimizers/channel/ChannelOptimizer.java

@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ import com.facebook.openwifirrm.modules.Modeler.DataModel;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.UCentralConstants;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.UCentralUtils;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.WifiScanEntry;
+import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.informationelement.HTOperation;
+import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.informationelement.VHTOperation;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.models.State;
-import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.operationelement.HTOperationElement;
-import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.operationelement.VHTOperationElement;
 
 /**
  * Channel optimizer base class.
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ public abstract class ChannelOptimizer {
 			.removeIf(serialNumber -> !deviceConfigs.containsKey(serialNumber));
 		this.model.latestState.keySet()
 			.removeIf(serialNumber -> !deviceConfigs.containsKey(serialNumber));
-		this.model.latestDeviceStatus.keySet()
+		this.model.latestDeviceStatusRadios.keySet()
 			.removeIf(serialNumber -> !deviceConfigs.containsKey(serialNumber));
 		this.model.latestDeviceCapabilities.keySet()
 			.removeIf(serialNumber -> !deviceConfigs.containsKey(serialNumber));
@@ -208,13 +208,13 @@ public abstract class ChannelOptimizer {
 			return MIN_CHANNEL_WIDTH;
 		}
 
-		HTOperationElement htOperObj = new HTOperationElement(htOper);
+		HTOperation htOperObj = new HTOperation(htOper);
 		if (vhtOper == null) {
 			// HT mode only supports 20/40 MHz
 			return htOperObj.staChannelWidth ? 40 : 20;
 		} else {
 			// VHT/HE mode supports 20/40/160/80+80 MHz
-			VHTOperationElement vhtOperObj = new VHTOperationElement(vhtOper);
+			VHTOperation vhtOperObj = new VHTOperation(vhtOper);
 			if (!htOperObj.staChannelWidth && vhtOperObj.channelWidth == 0) {
 				return 20;
 			} else if (
@@ -234,8 +234,9 @@ public abstract class ChannelOptimizer {
 				// the difference of 8 means it is consecutive
 				int channelDiff =
 					Math.abs(vhtOperObj.channel1 - vhtOperObj.channel2);
-				// the "8080" below does not mean 8080 MHz wide, it refers to 80+80 MHz channel
+				// TODO it will currently return just 80 for 80p80 - it should be dealt
-				return channelDiff == 8 ? 160 : 8080;
+				// with properly.
+				return channelDiff == 8 ? 160 : 80;
 			} else {
 				return MIN_CHANNEL_WIDTH;
 			}
@@ -378,15 +379,26 @@ public abstract class ChannelOptimizer {
 			radioIndex < state.radios.length;
 			radioIndex++
 		) {
-			int tempChannel = state.radios[radioIndex]
+			int tempChannel = state.radios[radioIndex].channel;
-				.get("channel")
-				.getAsInt();
 			if (UCentralUtils.isChannelInBand(tempChannel, band)) {
 				currentChannel = tempChannel;
-				currentChannelWidth = state.radios[radioIndex]
+				// treat as two separate 80MHz channel and only assign to one
-					.get("channel_width")
+				// TODO: support 80p80 properly
-					.getAsInt();
+				Integer parsedChannelWidth = UCentralUtils
-				break;
+					.parseChannelWidth(
+						state.radios[radioIndex].channel_width,
+						true
+					);
+				if (parsedChannelWidth != null) {
+					currentChannelWidth = parsedChannelWidth;
+					break;
+				}
+
+				logger.error(
+					"Invalid channel width {}",
+					state.radios[radioIndex].channel_width
+				);
+				continue;
 			}
 		}
 		return new int[] { currentChannel, currentChannelWidth };
@@ -627,14 +639,13 @@ public abstract class ChannelOptimizer {
 	public abstract Map<String, Map<String, Integer>> computeChannelMap();
 
 	/**
-	 * Program the given channel map into the AP config and notify the config
+	 * Program the given channel map into the AP config.
-	 * manager.
 	 *
 	 * @param deviceDataManager the DeviceDataManager instance
 	 * @param configManager the ConfigManager instance
 	 * @param channelMap the map of devices (by serial number) to radio to channel
 	 */
-	public void applyConfig(
+	public void updateDeviceApConfig(
 		DeviceDataManager deviceDataManager,
 		ConfigManager configManager,
 		Map<String, Map<String, Integer>> channelMap
@@ -652,8 +663,5 @@ public abstract class ChannelOptimizer {
 				deviceConfig.autoChannels = entry.getValue();
 			}
 		});
-
-		// Trigger config update now
-		configManager.wakeUp();
 	}
 }

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/optimizers/channel/LeastUsedChannelOptimizer.java

@@ -331,11 +331,11 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizer extends ChannelOptimizer {
 	public Map<String, Map<String, Integer>> computeChannelMap() {
 		Map<String, Map<String, Integer>> channelMap = new TreeMap<>();
 		Map<String, List<String>> bandsMap = UCentralUtils
-			.getBandsMap(model.latestDeviceStatus);
+			.getBandsMap(model.latestDeviceStatusRadios);
 
 		Map<String, Map<String, List<Integer>>> deviceAvailableChannels =
 			UCentralUtils.getDeviceAvailableChannels(
-				model.latestDeviceStatus,
+				model.latestDeviceStatusRadios,
 				model.latestDeviceCapabilities,
 				AVAILABLE_CHANNELS_BAND
 			);

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/optimizers/channel/RandomChannelInitializer.java

@@ -119,11 +119,11 @@ public class RandomChannelInitializer extends ChannelOptimizer {
 	public Map<String, Map<String, Integer>> computeChannelMap() {
 		Map<String, Map<String, Integer>> channelMap = new TreeMap<>();
 		Map<String, List<String>> bandsMap =
-			UCentralUtils.getBandsMap(model.latestDeviceStatus);
+			UCentralUtils.getBandsMap(model.latestDeviceStatusRadios);
 
 		Map<String, Map<String, List<Integer>>> deviceAvailableChannels =
 			UCentralUtils.getDeviceAvailableChannels(
-				model.latestDeviceStatus,
+				model.latestDeviceStatusRadios,
 				model.latestDeviceCapabilities,
 				AVAILABLE_CHANNELS_BAND
 			);

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/optimizers/tpc/MeasurementBasedApApTPC.java

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
-import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.TreeMap;
 
@@ -26,9 +25,6 @@ import com.facebook.openwifirrm.modules.Modeler.DataModel;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.UCentralUtils;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.WifiScanEntry;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.models.State;
-import com.google.gson.JsonArray;
-import com.google.gson.JsonElement;
-import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
 
 /**
  * Measurement-based AP-AP TPC algorithm.
@@ -178,32 +174,6 @@ public class MeasurementBasedApApTPC extends TPC {
 		return managedBSSIDs;
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * Get the current band radio tx power (the first one found) for an AP using
-	 * the latest device status.
-	 *
-	 * @param latestDeviceStatus JsonArray containing radio config for the AP
-	 * @param band band (e.g., "2G")
-	 * @return an Optional containing the tx power if one exists, or else an
-	 *         empty Optional
-	 */
-	protected static Optional<Integer> getCurrentTxPower(
-		JsonArray latestDeviceStatus,
-		String band
-	) {
-		for (JsonElement e : latestDeviceStatus) {
-			if (!e.isJsonObject()) {
-				continue;
-			}
-			JsonObject radioObject = e.getAsJsonObject();
-			String radioBand = radioObject.get("band").getAsString();
-			if (radioBand.equals(band) && radioObject.has("tx-power")) {
-				return Optional.of(radioObject.get("tx-power").getAsInt());
-			}
-		}
-		return Optional.empty();
-	}
-
 	/**
 	 * Get a map from BSSID to the received signal strength at neighboring APs (RSSI).
 	 * List of RSSIs are returned in sorted, ascending order.
@@ -340,7 +310,6 @@ public class MeasurementBasedApApTPC extends TPC {
 		Map<String, List<Integer>> bssidToRssiValues =
 			buildRssiMap(managedBSSIDs, model.latestWifiScans, band);
 		logger.debug("Starting TPC for the {} band", band);
-		Map<String, JsonArray> allStatuses = model.latestDeviceStatus;
 		for (String serialNumber : serialNumbers) {
 			State state = model.latestState.get(serialNumber);
 			if (
@@ -370,40 +339,68 @@ public class MeasurementBasedApApTPC extends TPC {
 				);
 				continue;
 			}
-			JsonArray radioStatuses =
+
-				allStatuses.get(serialNumber).getAsJsonArray();
+			// An AP can have multiple interfaces, optimize for all of them
-			Optional<Integer> possibleCurrentTxPower = getCurrentTxPower(
+			for (State.Interface iface : state.interfaces) {
-				radioStatuses,
+				if (iface.ssids == null) {
-				band
+					continue;
-			);
+				}
-			if (possibleCurrentTxPower.isEmpty()) {
+
-				// this AP is not on the band of interest
+				for (State.Interface.SSID ssid : iface.ssids) {
-				continue;
+					Integer idx = UCentralUtils.parseReferenceIndex(
+						ssid.radio.get("$ref").getAsString()
+					);
+					if (idx == null) {
+						logger.error(
+							"Unable to get radio for {}, invalid radio ref {}",
+							serialNumber,
+							ssid.radio.get("$ref").getAsString()
+						);
+						continue;
+					}
+					State.Radio radio = state.radios[idx];
+
+					// this specific SSID is not on the band of interest
+					if (
+						!UCentralUtils.isChannelInBand(radio.channel, band)
+					) {
+						continue;
+					}
+
+					int currentTxPower = radio.tx_power;
+					String bssid = ssid.bssid;
+					List<Integer> rssiValues = bssidToRssiValues.get(bssid);
+					logger
+						.debug(
+							"Device <{}> : Interface <{}> : Channel <{}> : BSSID <{}>",
+							serialNumber,
+							iface.name,
+							channel,
+							bssid
+						);
+					for (int rssi : rssiValues) {
+						logger.debug("  Neighbor received RSSI: {}", rssi);
+					}
+					List<Integer> txPowerChoices = updateTxPowerChoices(
+						band,
+						serialNumber,
+						DEFAULT_TX_POWER_CHOICES
+					);
+					int newTxPower = computeTxPower(
+						serialNumber,
+						currentTxPower,
+						rssiValues,
+						coverageThreshold,
+						nthSmallestRssi,
+						txPowerChoices
+					);
+					logger.debug("  Old tx_power: {}", currentTxPower);
+					logger.debug("  New tx_power: {}", newTxPower);
+					txPowerMap
+						.computeIfAbsent(serialNumber, k -> new TreeMap<>())
+						.put(band, newTxPower);
+				}
 			}
-			int currentTxPower = possibleCurrentTxPower.get();
-			String bssid = state.interfaces[0].ssids[0].bssid;
-			List<Integer> rssiValues = bssidToRssiValues.get(bssid);
-			logger.debug("Device <{}> : BSSID <{}>", serialNumber, bssid);
-			for (int rssi : rssiValues) {
-				logger.debug("  Neighbor received RSSI: {}", rssi);
-			}
-			List<Integer> txPowerChoices = updateTxPowerChoices(
-				band,
-				serialNumber,
-				DEFAULT_TX_POWER_CHOICES
-			);
-			int newTxPower = computeTxPower(
-				serialNumber,
-				currentTxPower,
-				rssiValues,
-				coverageThreshold,
-				nthSmallestRssi,
-				txPowerChoices
-			);
-			logger.debug("  Old tx_power: {}", currentTxPower);
-			logger.debug("  New tx_power: {}", newTxPower);
-			txPowerMap.computeIfAbsent(serialNumber, k -> new TreeMap<>())
-				.put(band, newTxPower);
 		}
 	}
 

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/optimizers/tpc/MeasurementBasedApClientTPC.java

@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.DeviceDataManager;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.modules.Modeler.DataModel;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.models.State;
-import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
 
 /**
  * Measurement-based AP-client algorithm.
@@ -42,6 +41,9 @@ public class MeasurementBasedApClientTPC extends TPC {
 	/** Default tx power. */
 	public static final int DEFAULT_TX_POWER = 10;
 
+	/** Default channel width in HMz */
+	public static final int DEFAULT_CHANNEL_WIDTH = 20;
+
 	/** Mapping of MCS index to required SNR (dB) in 802.11ac. */
 	private static final List<Double> MCS_TO_SNR = Collections.unmodifiableList(
 		Arrays.asList(
@@ -154,19 +156,16 @@ public class MeasurementBasedApClientTPC extends TPC {
 	private int computeTxPowerForRadio(
 		String serialNumber,
 		State state,
-		JsonObject radio,
+		State.Radio radio,
 		List<Integer> txPowerChoices
 	) {
 		// Find current tx power and bandwidth
-		int currentTxPower =
+		int currentTxPower = radio.tx_power;
-			radio.has("tx_power") && !radio.get("tx_power").isJsonNull()
+		// treat as one 160MHz channel vs two 80MHz channels
-				? radio.get("tx_power").getAsInt()
+		Integer channelWidthMHz =
-				: 0;
+			UCentralUtils.parseChannelWidth(radio.channel_width, false);
-		int channelWidth =
+		int channelWidth = (channelWidthMHz != null
-			1_000_000 /* convert MHz to Hz */ * (radio.has("channel_width") &&
+			? channelWidthMHz : DEFAULT_CHANNEL_WIDTH) * 1_000_000; // convert MHz to HZ
-				!radio.get("channel_width").isJsonNull()
-					? radio.get("channel_width").getAsInt()
-					: 20);
 		Collections.sort(txPowerChoices);
 		int minTxPower = txPowerChoices.get(0);
 		int maxTxPower = txPowerChoices.get(txPowerChoices.size() - 1);
@@ -303,17 +302,10 @@ public class MeasurementBasedApClientTPC extends TPC {
 				);
 				continue;
 			}
+
 			Map<String, Integer> radioMap = new TreeMap<>();
-
+			for (State.Radio radio : state.radios) {
-			for (JsonObject radio : state.radios) {
+				int currentChannel = radio.channel;
-				Integer currentChannel =
-					radio.has("channel") && !radio.get("channel").isJsonNull()
-						? radio.get("channel").getAsInt()
-						: null;
-				if (currentChannel == null) {
-					continue;
-				}
-
 				String band = UCentralUtils.getBandFromChannel(currentChannel);
 				if (band == null) {
 					continue;

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/optimizers/tpc/TPC.java

@@ -13,20 +13,18 @@ import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.TreeMap;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 import java.util.stream.IntStream;
-import java.util.List;
+
-import java.util.Map;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
-import java.util.TreeMap;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.DeviceConfig;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.DeviceDataManager;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.modules.ConfigManager;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.modules.Modeler.DataModel;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.models.State;
-import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
-import org.slf4j.Logger;
-import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
 /**
  * TPC (Transmit Power Control) base class.
@@ -75,7 +73,7 @@ public abstract class TPC {
 		this.model.latestState.keySet()
 			.removeIf(serialNumber -> !deviceConfigs.containsKey(serialNumber)
 			);
-		this.model.latestDeviceStatus.keySet()
+		this.model.latestDeviceStatusRadios.keySet()
 			.removeIf(serialNumber -> !deviceConfigs.containsKey(serialNumber)
 			);
 		this.model.latestDeviceCapabilities.keySet()
@@ -84,19 +82,19 @@ public abstract class TPC {
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Update the tx power choices based on user and allowed channels from deviceConfig
+	 * Determine the new tx power choices based on user and allowed channels from deviceConfig.
+	 *
 	 * @param band the operational band
-	 * @param serialNumber the device
+	 * @param serialNumber the device's serial number
-	 * @param txPowerChoices the available tx powers of the device
+	 * @param txPowerChoices the device's available tx powers
-	 * @return the updated tx powers of the device
+	 * @return the device's updated tx powers
 	 */
 	protected List<Integer> updateTxPowerChoices(
 		String band,
 		String serialNumber,
 		List<Integer> txPowerChoices
 	) {
-		List<Integer> newTxPowerChoices =
+		List<Integer> newTxPowerChoices = new ArrayList<>(txPowerChoices);
-			new ArrayList<>(txPowerChoices);
 
 		// Update the available tx powers based on user tx powers or allowed tx powers
 		DeviceConfig deviceCfg = deviceConfigs.get(serialNumber);
@@ -128,8 +126,7 @@ public abstract class TPC {
 			newTxPowerChoices.retainAll(allowedTxPowers);
 		}
 
-		// If the intersection of the above steps gives an empty list,
+		// If newTxPowerChoices is empty, use default available tx powers list
-		// turn back to use the default available tx powers list
 		if (newTxPowerChoices.isEmpty()) {
 			logger.debug(
 				"Device {}: the updated availableTxPowersList is empty!!! " +
@@ -154,14 +151,13 @@ public abstract class TPC {
 	public abstract Map<String, Map<String, Integer>> computeTxPowerMap();
 
 	/**
-	 * Program the given tx power map into the AP config and notify the config
+	 * Program the given tx power map into the AP config.
-	 * manager.
 	 *
 	 * @param deviceDataManager the DeviceDataManager instance
 	 * @param configManager the ConfigManager instance
 	 * @param txPowerMap the map of devices (by serial number) to radio to tx power
 	 */
-	public void applyConfig(
+	public void updateDeviceApConfig(
 		DeviceDataManager deviceDataManager,
 		ConfigManager configManager,
 		Map<String, Map<String, Integer>> txPowerMap
@@ -179,15 +175,12 @@ public abstract class TPC {
 				deviceConfig.autoTxPowers = entry.getValue();
 			}
 		});
-
-		// Trigger config update now
-		configManager.wakeUp();
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Get AP serial numbers per channel.
 	 *
-	 * @return the map of channel to the list of serial numbers
+	 * @return the map from channel to the list of AP serial numbers
 	 */
 	protected Map<Integer, List<String>> getApsPerChannel() {
 		Map<Integer, List<String>> apsPerChannel = new TreeMap<>();
@@ -203,12 +196,9 @@ public abstract class TPC {
 				continue;
 			}
 
-			for (JsonObject radio : state.radios) {
+			for (State.Radio radio : state.radios) {
-				Integer currentChannel =
+				Integer currentChannel = radio.channel;
-					radio.has("channel") && !radio.get("channel").isJsonNull()
+				if (currentChannel == 0) {
-						? radio.get("channel").getAsInt()
-						: null;
-				if (currentChannel == null) {
 					continue;
 				}
 				apsPerChannel

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/ucentral/InformationElements.java

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ */
+
+package com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral;
+
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.informationelement.Country;
+import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.informationelement.LocalPowerConstraint;
+import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.informationelement.QbssLoad;
+import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.informationelement.TxPwrInfo;
+
+/** Wrapper class containing information elements */
+public final class InformationElements {
+
+	public Country country;
+	public QbssLoad qbssLoad;
+	public LocalPowerConstraint localPowerConstraint;
+	public TxPwrInfo txPwrInfo;
+
+	@Override
+	public int hashCode() {
+		return Objects.hash(country, localPowerConstraint, qbssLoad, txPwrInfo);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+		if (this == obj) {
+			return true;
+		}
+		if (obj == null) {
+			return false;
+		}
+		if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) {
+			return false;
+		}
+		InformationElements other = (InformationElements) obj;
+		return Objects.equals(country, other.country) && Objects.equals(
+			localPowerConstraint,
+			other.localPowerConstraint
+		) && Objects.equals(qbssLoad, other.qbssLoad) &&
+			Objects.equals(txPwrInfo, other.txPwrInfo);
+	}
+
+}

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/ucentral/UCentralClient.java

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 package com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral;
 
+import java.time.Instant;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -30,6 +31,8 @@ import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.gw.models.ServiceEvent;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.gw.models.StatisticsRecords;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.gw.models.SystemInfoResults;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.gw.models.TokenValidationResult;
+import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.gw.models.WebTokenRefreshRequest;
+import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.gw.models.WebTokenResult;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.gw.models.WifiScanRequest;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.prov.models.EntityList;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.prov.models.InventoryTagList;
@@ -137,7 +140,18 @@ public class UCentralClient {
 	 * The access token obtained from uCentralSec, needed only when using public
 	 * endpoints.
 	 */
-	private String accessToken;
+	private WebTokenResult accessToken;
+
+	/**
+	 * The unix timestamp (in seconds) keeps track of when the accessToken is created.
+	 */
+	private long created;
+
+	/**
+	 * The unix timestamp (in seconds) keeps track of last time when the accessToken 
+	 * is accessed.
+	 */
+	private long lastAccess;
 
 	/**
 	 * Constructor.
@@ -184,7 +198,8 @@ public class UCentralClient {
 		Map<String, Object> body = new HashMap<>();
 		body.put("userId", username);
 		body.put("password", password);
-		HttpResponse<String> response = httpPost("oauth2", OWSEC_SERVICE, body);
+		HttpResponse<String> response =
+			httpPost("oauth2", OWSEC_SERVICE, body, null);
 		if (!response.isSuccess()) {
 			logger.error(
 				"Login failed: Response code {}, body: {}",
@@ -195,27 +210,146 @@ public class UCentralClient {
 		}
 
 		// Parse access token from response
-		JSONObject respBody;
+		WebTokenResult token;
 		try {
-			respBody = new JSONObject(response.getBody());
+			token = gson.fromJson(response.getBody(), WebTokenResult.class);
-		} catch (JSONException e) {
+		} catch (JsonSyntaxException e) {
 			logger.error("Login failed: Unexpected response", e);
 			logger.debug("Response body: {}", response.getBody());
 			return false;
 		}
-		if (!respBody.has("access_token")) {
+		if (
+			token == null || token.access_token == null ||
+				token.access_token.isEmpty()
+		) {
 			logger.error("Login failed: Missing access token");
-			logger.debug("Response body: {}", respBody.toString());
+			logger.debug("Response body: {}", response.getBody());
 			return false;
 		}
-		this.accessToken = respBody.getString("access_token");
+		this.accessToken = token;
+		this.created = accessToken.created;
+		this.lastAccess = accessToken.created;
 		logger.info("Login successful as user: {}", username);
-		logger.debug("Access token: {}", accessToken);
+		logger.debug("Access token: {}", accessToken.access_token);
+		logger.debug("Refresh token: {}", accessToken.refresh_token);
 
 		// Load system endpoints
 		return loadSystemEndpoints();
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * when using public endpoints, refresh the access token if it's expired.
+	 */
+	public synchronized void refreshAccessToken() {
+		if (usePublicEndpoints) {
+			refreshAccessTokenImpl();
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Check if the token is completely expired even if
+	 * for a token refresh request
+	 *
+	 * @return true if the refresh token is expired
+	 */
+	private boolean isAccessTokenExpired() {
+		if (accessToken == null) {
+			return true;
+		}
+		return created + accessToken.expires_in <
+			Instant.now().getEpochSecond();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Check if an access token is expired.
+	 *
+	 * @return true if the access token is expired
+	 */
+	private boolean isAccessTokenTimedOut() {
+		if (accessToken == null) {
+			return true;
+		}
+		return lastAccess + accessToken.idle_timeout <
+			Instant.now().getEpochSecond();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Refresh the access toke when time out. If the refresh token is expired, login again.
+	 * If the access token is expired, POST a WebTokenRefreshRequest to refresh token.
+	 */
+	private void refreshAccessTokenImpl() {
+		if (!usePublicEndpoints) {
+			return;
+		}
+		if (isAccessTokenExpired()) {
+			synchronized (this) {			
+				if (isAccessTokenExpired()) {
+					logger.info("Token is expired, login again");
+					login();
+				}
+			}
+		} else if (isAccessTokenTimedOut()) {
+			synchronized (this) {
+				if (isAccessTokenTimedOut()) {
+					logger.debug("Access token timed out, refreshing the token");
+					accessToken = refreshToken();
+					created = Instant.now().getEpochSecond();
+					lastAccess = created;
+					if (accessToken != null) {
+						logger.debug("Successfully refresh token.");
+					}else{
+						logger.error(
+							"Fail to refresh token with access token: {}",
+							accessToken.access_token
+						);
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * POST a WebTokenRefreshRequest to refresh the access token.
+	 *
+	 * @return valid access token if success, otherwise return null.
+	 */
+	private WebTokenResult refreshToken() {
+		if (accessToken == null) {
+			return null;
+		}
+		WebTokenRefreshRequest refreshRequest = new WebTokenRefreshRequest();
+		refreshRequest.userId = username;
+		refreshRequest.refreshToken = accessToken.refresh_token;
+		logger.debug("refresh token: {}", accessToken.refresh_token);
+		Map<String, Object> parameters =
+			Collections.singletonMap("grant_type", "refresh_token");
+		HttpResponse<String> response =
+			httpPost(
+				"oauth2",
+				OWSEC_SERVICE,
+				refreshRequest,
+				parameters
+			);
+		if (!response.isSuccess()) {
+			logger.error(
+				"Failed to refresh token: Response code {}, body: {}",
+				response.getStatus(),
+				response.getBody()
+			);
+			return null;
+		}
+		try {
+			return gson.fromJson(response.getBody(), WebTokenResult.class);
+		} catch (JsonSyntaxException e) {
+			logger.error(
+				"Failed to serialize WebTokenResult: Unexpected response:",
+				e
+			);
+			logger.debug("Response body: {}", response.getBody());
+			return null;
+		}
+	}
+
 	/** Read system endpoint URLs from uCentralSec. */
 	private boolean loadSystemEndpoints() {
 		// Make request
@@ -324,8 +458,12 @@ public class UCentralClient {
 			.connectTimeout(connectTimeoutMs)
 			.socketTimeout(socketTimeoutMs);
 		if (usePublicEndpoints) {
-			if (accessToken != null) {
+			if (!isAccessTokenExpired()) {
-				req.header("Authorization", "Bearer " + accessToken);
+				req.header(
+					"Authorization",
+					"Bearer " + accessToken.access_token
+				);
+				lastAccess = Instant.now().getEpochSecond();
 			}
 		} else {
 			req
@@ -339,26 +477,29 @@ public class UCentralClient {
 		}
 	}
 
-	/** Send a POST request with a JSON body. */
+	/** Send a POST request with a JSON body and query params. */
 	private HttpResponse<String> httpPost(
 		String endpoint,
 		String service,
-		Object body
+		Object body,
+		Map<String, Object> parameters
 	) {
 		return httpPost(
 			endpoint,
 			service,
 			body,
+			parameters,
 			socketParams.connectTimeoutMs,
 			socketParams.socketTimeoutMs
 		);
 	}
 
-	/** Send a POST request with a JSON body using given timeout values. */
+	/** Send a POST request with a JSON body and query params using given timeout values. */
 	private HttpResponse<String> httpPost(
 		String endpoint,
 		String service,
 		Object body,
+		Map<String, Object> parameters,
 		int connectTimeoutMs,
 		int socketTimeoutMs
 	) {
@@ -367,9 +508,16 @@ public class UCentralClient {
 			.header("accept", "application/json")
 			.connectTimeout(connectTimeoutMs)
 			.socketTimeout(socketTimeoutMs);
+		if (parameters != null && !parameters.isEmpty()) {
+			req.queryString(parameters);
+		}
 		if (usePublicEndpoints) {
-			if (accessToken != null) {
+			if (!isAccessTokenExpired()) {
-				req.header("Authorization", "Bearer " + accessToken);
+				req.header(
+					"Authorization",
+					"Bearer " + accessToken.access_token
+				);
+				lastAccess = Instant.now().getEpochSecond();
 			}
 		} else {
 			req
@@ -454,6 +602,7 @@ public class UCentralClient {
 			String.format("device/%s/wifiscan", serialNumber),
 			OWGW_SERVICE,
 			req,
+			null,
 			socketParams.connectTimeoutMs,
 			socketParams.wifiScanTimeoutMs
 		);
@@ -482,7 +631,8 @@ public class UCentralClient {
 		HttpResponse<String> response = httpPost(
 			String.format("device/%s/configure", serialNumber),
 			OWGW_SERVICE,
-			req
+			req,
+			null
 		);
 		if (!response.isSuccess()) {
 			logger.error("Error: {}", response.getBody());

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/ucentral/UCentralUtils.java

@@ -24,6 +24,10 @@ import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.RRMConfig;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.Utils;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.optimizers.channel.ChannelOptimizer;
+import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.informationelement.Country;
+import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.informationelement.LocalPowerConstraint;
+import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.informationelement.QbssLoad;
+import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.informationelement.TxPwrInfo;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.models.State;
 import com.google.gson.Gson;
 import com.google.gson.JsonArray;
@@ -37,6 +41,9 @@ public class UCentralUtils {
 	private static final Logger logger =
 		LoggerFactory.getLogger(UCentralUtils.class);
 
+	/** Information Element (IE) content field key */
+	private static final String IE_CONTENT_FIELD_KEY = "content";
+
 	/** The Gson instance. */
 	private static final Gson gson = new Gson();
 
@@ -79,15 +86,76 @@ public class UCentralUtils {
 			for (JsonElement e : scanInfo) {
 				WifiScanEntry entry = gson.fromJson(e, WifiScanEntry.class);
 				entry.unixTimeMs = timestampMs;
+				extractIEs(e, entry);
 				entries.add(entry);
-
 			}
 		} catch (Exception e) {
+			logger.debug("Exception when parsing wifiscan entries", e);
 			return null;
 		}
 		return entries;
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Extract desired information elements (IEs) from the wifiscan entry.
+	 * Modifies {@code entry} argument. Skips invalid IEs (IEs with missing
+	 * fields).
+	 */
+	private static void extractIEs(
+		JsonElement entryJsonElement,
+		WifiScanEntry entry
+	) {
+		JsonElement iesJsonElement =
+			entryJsonElement.getAsJsonObject().get("ies");
+		if (iesJsonElement == null) {
+			logger.debug("Wifiscan entry does not contain 'ies' field.");
+			return;
+		}
+		JsonArray iesJsonArray = iesJsonElement.getAsJsonArray();
+		InformationElements ieContainer = new InformationElements();
+		for (JsonElement ieJsonElement : iesJsonArray) {
+			JsonElement typeElement =
+				ieJsonElement.getAsJsonObject().get("type");
+			if (typeElement == null) { // shouldn't happen
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!ieJsonElement.isJsonObject()) {
+				// the IEs we are interested in are Json objects
+				continue;
+			}
+			JsonObject ie = ieJsonElement.getAsJsonObject();
+			JsonElement contentsJsonElement = ie.get(IE_CONTENT_FIELD_KEY);
+			if (
+				contentsJsonElement == null ||
+					!contentsJsonElement.isJsonObject()
+			) {
+				continue;
+			}
+			JsonObject contents = contentsJsonElement.getAsJsonObject();
+			try {
+				switch (typeElement.getAsInt()) {
+				case Country.TYPE:
+					ieContainer.country = Country.parse(contents);
+					break;
+				case QbssLoad.TYPE:
+					ieContainer.qbssLoad = QbssLoad.parse(contents);
+					break;
+				case LocalPowerConstraint.TYPE:
+					ieContainer.localPowerConstraint =
+						LocalPowerConstraint.parse(contents);
+					break;
+				case TxPwrInfo.TYPE:
+					ieContainer.txPwrInfo = TxPwrInfo.parse(contents);
+					break;
+				}
+			} catch (Exception e) {
+				logger.debug("Skipping invalid IE {}", ie);
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+		entry.ieContainer = ieContainer;
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * Set all radios config of an AP to a given value.
 	 *
@@ -130,9 +198,24 @@ public class UCentralUtils {
 				continue;
 			}
 
-			// Compare vs. existing value
+			// Compare vs. existing value.
-			int currentValue = radioConfig.get(fieldName).getAsInt();
+			// not all values are int so override those values
-			if (currentValue == newValue) {
+			Integer currentValue = null;
+			JsonElement fieldValue = radioConfig.get(fieldName);
+			if (
+				fieldValue.isJsonPrimitive() &&
+					fieldValue.getAsJsonPrimitive().isNumber()
+			) {
+				currentValue = fieldValue.getAsInt();
+			} else {
+				logger.debug(
+					"Unable to get field '{}' as int, value was {}",
+					fieldName,
+					fieldValue.toString()
+				);
+			}
+
+			if (currentValue != null && currentValue == newValue) {
 				logger.info(
 					"Device {}: {} {} is already {}",
 					serialNumber,
@@ -150,7 +233,7 @@ public class UCentralUtils {
 					operationalBand,
 					fieldName,
 					newValue,
-					currentValue
+					currentValue != null ? currentValue : fieldValue.toString()
 				);
 				wasModified = true;
 			}
@@ -384,4 +467,52 @@ public class UCentralUtils {
 		}
 		return null;
 	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Tries to parse channel width, if it encounters an error it will return null.
+	 * It can handle 80p80 in two ways. First it can just treat it as 160. Second,
+	 * it can just apply to the first 80 channel and ignore the second. This is
+	 * controlled by treatSeparate.
+	 *
+	 * @param channelWidthStr the channel width
+	 * @param treatSeparate treats each band separately
+	 * @return channel width in MHz
+	 */
+	public static Integer parseChannelWidth(
+		String channelWidthStr,
+		boolean treatSeparate
+	) {
+		// 80p80 is the only case where it can't be parsed into an integer
+		if (channelWidthStr.equals("80p80")) {
+			return treatSeparate ? 80 : 160;
+		}
+		try {
+			return Integer.parseInt(channelWidthStr);
+		} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+			return null;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Tries to parse the index from the reference string in the JSON returned from
+	 * other services. Note that this only returns the index, the caller is
+	 * responsible for making sure that the correct field is passed in and the
+	 * index is used in the correct fields. If there's an error parsing, it will
+	 * return null.
+	 *
+	 * @param reference The reference string, keyed under "$ref"
+	 * @return the index of the reference or null if an error occurred.
+	 */
+	public static Integer parseReferenceIndex(String reference) {
+		try {
+			return Integer.parseInt(
+				reference,
+				reference.lastIndexOf("/") + 1,
+				reference.length(),
+				10
+			);
+		} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+			return null;
+		}
+	}
 }

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/ucentral/WifiScanEntry.java

@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ public class WifiScanEntry extends WifiScanEntryResult {
 	 * time reference.
 	 */
 	public long unixTimeMs;
+	/** Stores Information Elements (IEs) from the wifiscan entry. */
+	public InformationElements ieContainer;
 
 	/** Default Constructor. */
 	public WifiScanEntry() {}
@@ -30,13 +32,14 @@ public class WifiScanEntry extends WifiScanEntryResult {
 	public WifiScanEntry(WifiScanEntry o) {
 		super(o);
 		this.unixTimeMs = o.unixTimeMs;
+		this.ieContainer = o.ieContainer;
 	}
 
 	@Override
 	public int hashCode() {
 		final int prime = 31;
 		int result = super.hashCode();
-		result = prime * result + Objects.hash(unixTimeMs);
+		result = prime * result + Objects.hash(ieContainer, unixTimeMs);
 		return result;
 	}
 
@@ -52,7 +55,8 @@ public class WifiScanEntry extends WifiScanEntryResult {
 			return false;
 		}
 		WifiScanEntry other = (WifiScanEntry) obj;
-		return unixTimeMs == other.unixTimeMs;
+		return Objects.equals(ieContainer, other.ieContainer) &&
+			unixTimeMs == other.unixTimeMs;
 	}
 
 	@Override

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/ucentral/gw/models/WebTokenRefreshRequest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ */
+
+package com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.gw.models;
+
+public class WebTokenRefreshRequest {
+	public String userId;
+	public String refreshToken;
+}

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/ucentral/informationelement/Country.java

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ */
+
+package com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.informationelement;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+import com.google.gson.JsonElement;
+import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
+
+/**
+ * This information element (IE) appears in wifiscan entries.
+ * Refer to the 802.11 specification for more details. Language in
+ * javadocs is taken from the specification.
+ */
+public class Country {
+	private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Country.class);
+
+	/** Defined in 802.11 */
+	public static final int TYPE = 7;
+
+	/** Constraints for a subset of channels in the AP's country */
+	public static class CountryInfo {
+		/**
+		 * The lowest channel number in the CountryInfo.
+		 */
+		public final int firstChannelNumber;
+		/**
+		 * The maximum power, in dBm, allowed to be transmitted.
+		 */
+		public final int maximumTransmitPowerLevel;
+		/**
+		 * Number of channels this CountryInfo applies to. E.g., if First
+		 * Channel Number is 2 and Number of Channels is 4, this CountryInfo
+		 * describes channels 2, 3, 4, and 5.
+		 */
+		public final int numberOfChannels;
+
+		/** Constructor. */
+		public CountryInfo(
+			int firstChannelNumber,
+			int maximumTransmitPowerLevel,
+			int numberOfChannels
+		) {
+			this.firstChannelNumber = firstChannelNumber;
+			this.maximumTransmitPowerLevel = maximumTransmitPowerLevel;
+			this.numberOfChannels = numberOfChannels;
+		}
+
+		/** Parse CountryInfo from the appropriate Json object. */
+		public static CountryInfo parse(JsonObject contents) {
+			final int firstChannelNumber =
+				contents.get("First Channel Number").getAsInt();
+			final int maximumTransmitPowerLevel = contents
+				.get("Maximum Transmit Power Level (in dBm)")
+				.getAsInt();
+			final int numberOfChannels =
+				contents.get("Number of Channels").getAsInt();
+			return new CountryInfo(
+				firstChannelNumber,
+				maximumTransmitPowerLevel,
+				numberOfChannels
+			);
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public int hashCode() {
+			return Objects.hash(
+				firstChannelNumber,
+				maximumTransmitPowerLevel,
+				numberOfChannels
+			);
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+			if (this == obj) {
+				return true;
+			}
+			if (obj == null) {
+				return false;
+			}
+			if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) {
+				return false;
+			}
+			CountryInfo other = (CountryInfo) obj;
+			return firstChannelNumber == other.firstChannelNumber &&
+				maximumTransmitPowerLevel == other.maximumTransmitPowerLevel &&
+				numberOfChannels == other.numberOfChannels;
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public String toString() {
+			return "CountryInfo [firstChannelNumber=" + firstChannelNumber +
+				", maximumTransmitPowerLevel=" + maximumTransmitPowerLevel +
+				", numberOfChannels=" + numberOfChannels + "]";
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Each constraint is a CountryInfo describing tx power constraints on
+	 * one or more channels, for the current country.
+	 */
+	public final List<CountryInfo> constraints;
+
+	/** Constructor */
+	public Country(List<CountryInfo> countryInfos) {
+		this.constraints = Collections.unmodifiableList(countryInfos);
+	}
+
+	/** Parse Country IE from the appropriate Json object. */
+	public static Country parse(JsonObject contents) {
+		List<CountryInfo> constraints = new ArrayList<>();
+		JsonElement constraintsObject = contents.get("constraints");
+		if (constraintsObject != null) {
+			for (JsonElement jsonElement : constraintsObject.getAsJsonArray()) {
+				CountryInfo countryInfo =
+					CountryInfo.parse(jsonElement.getAsJsonObject());
+				constraints.add(countryInfo);
+			}
+		}
+		return new Country(constraints);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public int hashCode() {
+		return Objects.hash(constraints);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+		if (this == obj) {
+			return true;
+		}
+		if (obj == null) {
+			return false;
+		}
+		if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) {
+			return false;
+		}
+		Country other = (Country) obj;
+		return Objects.equals(constraints, other.constraints);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public String toString() {
+		return "Country [constraints=" + constraints + "]";
+	}
+}

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/ucentral/informationelement/HTOperation.java

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
  * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
  */
 
-package com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.operationelement;
+package com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.informationelement;
 
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Objects;
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
  * High Throughput (HT) Operation Element, which is potentially present in
  * wifiscan entries. Introduced in 802.11n (2009).
  */
-public class HTOperationElement {
+public class HTOperation {
 
 	/** Channel number of the primary channel. */
 	public final byte primaryChannel;
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ public class HTOperationElement {
 	 * For details about the parameters, see the javadocs for the corresponding
 	 * member variables.
 	 */
-	public HTOperationElement(
+	public HTOperation(
 		byte primaryChannel,
 		byte secondaryChannelOffset,
 		boolean staChannelWidth,
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ public class HTOperationElement {
 	}
 
 	/** Constructor with the most used parameters. */
-	public HTOperationElement(
+	public HTOperation(
 		byte primaryChannel,
 		byte secondaryChannelOffset,
 		boolean staChannelWidth,
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ public class HTOperationElement {
 	 * @param htOper a base64 encoded properly formatted HT operation element (see
 	 *               802.11)
 	 */
-	public HTOperationElement(String htOper) {
+	public HTOperation(String htOper) {
 		byte[] bytes = Base64.decodeBase64(htOper);
 		/*
 		 * Note that the code here may seem to read "reversed" compared to 802.11. This
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ public class HTOperationElement {
 	 * @return true if the the operation elements "match" for the purpose of
 	 *         aggregating statistics; false otherwise.
 	 */
-	public boolean matchesForAggregation(HTOperationElement other) {
+	public boolean matchesForAggregation(HTOperation other) {
 		return other != null && primaryChannel == other.primaryChannel &&
 			secondaryChannelOffset == other.secondaryChannelOffset &&
 			staChannelWidth == other.staChannelWidth &&
@@ -211,8 +211,8 @@ public class HTOperationElement {
 		if (htOper1 == null || htOper2 == null) {
 			return false; // false if exactly one is null
 		}
-		HTOperationElement htOperObj1 = new HTOperationElement(htOper1);
+		HTOperation htOperObj1 = new HTOperation(htOper1);
-		HTOperationElement htOperObj2 = new HTOperationElement(htOper2);
+		HTOperation htOperObj2 = new HTOperation(htOper2);
 		return htOperObj1.matchesForAggregation(htOperObj2);
 	}
 
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ public class HTOperationElement {
 		if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) {
 			return false;
 		}
-		HTOperationElement other = (HTOperationElement) obj;
+		HTOperation other = (HTOperation) obj;
 		return Arrays.equals(basicHtMcsSet, other.basicHtMcsSet) &&
 			channelCenterFrequencySegment2 ==
 				other.channelCenterFrequencySegment2 &&

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/ucentral/informationelement/LocalPowerConstraint.java

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ */
+
+package com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.informationelement;
+
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
+
+/**
+ * This information element (IE) appears in wifiscan entries. It is called
+ * "Local Power Constraint" in these entries, and just "Power Constraint" in
+ * the 802.11 specification. Refer to the specification for more details.
+ * Language in javadocs is taken from the specification.
+ */
+public class LocalPowerConstraint {
+
+	/** Defined in 802.11 */
+	public static final int TYPE = 32;
+
+	/**
+	 * Units are dB.
+	 * <p>
+	 * The local maximum transmit power for a channel is defined as the maximum
+	 * transmit power level specified for the channel in the Country IE minus
+	 * this variable for the given channel.
+	 */
+	public final int localPowerConstraint;
+
+	/** Constructor */
+	public LocalPowerConstraint(int localPowerConstraint) {
+		this.localPowerConstraint = localPowerConstraint;
+	}
+
+	/** Parse LocalPowerConstraint IE from appropriate Json object. */
+	public static LocalPowerConstraint parse(JsonObject contents) {
+		final int localPowerConstraint =
+			contents.get("Local Power Constraint").getAsInt();
+		return new LocalPowerConstraint(localPowerConstraint);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public int hashCode() {
+		return Objects.hash(localPowerConstraint);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+		if (this == obj) {
+			return true;
+		}
+		if (obj == null) {
+			return false;
+		}
+		if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) {
+			return false;
+		}
+		LocalPowerConstraint other = (LocalPowerConstraint) obj;
+		return localPowerConstraint == other.localPowerConstraint;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public String toString() {
+		return "LocalPowerConstraint [localPowerConstraint=" +
+			localPowerConstraint + "]";
+	}
+}

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/ucentral/informationelement/QbssLoad.java

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ */
+
+package com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.informationelement;
+
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+import com.google.gson.JsonElement;
+import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
+
+/**
+ * This information element (IE) appears in wifiscan entries. It is called
+ * "QBSS Load" in these entries, and just "BSS Load" in the 802.11
+ * specification. Refer to the specification for more details. Language in
+ * javadocs is taken from the specification.
+ */
+public class QbssLoad {
+
+	/** Defined in 802.11 */
+	public static final int TYPE = 11;
+
+	/**
+	 * The total number of STAs currently associated with the BSS.
+	 */
+	public final int stationCount;
+	/**
+	 * The Channel Utilization field is defined as the percentage of time,
+	 * linearly scaled with 255 representing 100%, that the AP sensed the
+	 * medium was busy, as indicated by either the physical or virtual carrier
+	 * sense (CS) mechanism. When more than one channel is in use for the BSS,
+	 * the Channel Utilization field value is calculated only for the primary
+	 * channel. This percentage is computed using the following formula:
+	 * <p>
+	 * floor(255 * channelBusyTime /
+	 * 		(dot11ChannelUtilizationBeaconIntervals * dot11BeaconPeriod * 1024)
+	 * )
+	 */
+	public final int channelUtilization;
+	/**
+	 * The Available Admission Capacity field contains an unsigned integer that
+	 * specifies the remaining amount of medium time available via explicit
+	 * admission control, in units of 32 miscrosecond/second. The field is
+	 * helpful for roaming STAs to select an AP that is likely to accept future
+	 * admission control requests, but it does not represent an assurance that
+	 * the HC admits these requests.
+	 */
+	public final int availableAdmissionCapacity;
+
+	/** Constructor */
+	public QbssLoad(
+		int stationCount,
+		int channelUtilization,
+		int availableAdmissionCapacity
+	) {
+		this.stationCount = stationCount;
+		this.channelUtilization = channelUtilization;
+		this.availableAdmissionCapacity = availableAdmissionCapacity;
+	}
+
+	/** Parse QbssLoad IE from appropriate Json object; return null if invalid. */
+	public static QbssLoad parse(JsonObject contents) {
+		// unclear why there is this additional nested layer
+		JsonElement ccaContentJsonElement = contents.get("802.11e CCA Version");
+		if (ccaContentJsonElement == null) {
+			return null;
+		}
+		contents = ccaContentJsonElement.getAsJsonObject();
+		final int stationCount = contents.get("Station Count").getAsInt();
+		final int channelUtilization =
+			contents.get("Channel Utilization").getAsInt();
+		final int availableAdmissionCapacity =
+			contents.get("Available Admission Capabilities").getAsInt();
+		return new QbssLoad(
+			stationCount,
+			channelUtilization,
+			availableAdmissionCapacity
+		);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public int hashCode() {
+		return Objects.hash(
+			availableAdmissionCapacity,
+			channelUtilization,
+			stationCount
+		);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+		if (this == obj) {
+			return true;
+		}
+		if (obj == null) {
+			return false;
+		}
+		if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) {
+			return false;
+		}
+		QbssLoad other = (QbssLoad) obj;
+		return availableAdmissionCapacity == other.availableAdmissionCapacity &&
+			channelUtilization == other.channelUtilization &&
+			stationCount == other.stationCount;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public String toString() {
+		return "QbssLoad [stationCount=" + stationCount +
+			", channelUtilization=" + channelUtilization +
+			", availableAdmissionCapacity=" + availableAdmissionCapacity + "]";
+	}
+}

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/ucentral/informationelement/TxPwrInfo.java

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ */
+
+package com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.informationelement;
+
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+import com.google.gson.JsonElement;
+import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
+
+/**
+ * This information element (IE) appears in wifiscan entries. It is called
+ * "Tx Pwr Info" in these entries, and "Transmit Power Envelope" in the 802.11
+ * specification. Refer to the specification for more details. Language in
+ * javadocs is taken from the specification.
+ */
+public class TxPwrInfo {
+
+	/** Defined in 802.11 */
+	public static final int TYPE = 195;
+
+	/** Local maximum transmit power for 20 MHz. Required field. */
+	public final Integer localMaxTxPwrConstraint20MHz;
+	/** Local maximum transmit power for 40 MHz. Optional field. */
+	public final Integer localMaxTxPwrConstraint40MHz;
+	/** Local maximum transmit power for 80 MHz. Optional field. */
+	public final Integer localMaxTxPwrConstraint80MHz;
+	/** Local maximum transmit power for both 160 MHz and 80+80 MHz. Optional field. */
+	public final Integer localMaxTxPwrConstraint160MHz;
+
+	/** Constructor */
+	public TxPwrInfo(
+		int localMaxTxPwrConstraint20MHz,
+		int localMaxTxPwrConstraint40MHz,
+		int localMaxTxPwrConstraint80MHz,
+		int localMaxTxPwrConstraint160MHz
+	) {
+		this.localMaxTxPwrConstraint20MHz = localMaxTxPwrConstraint20MHz;
+		this.localMaxTxPwrConstraint40MHz = localMaxTxPwrConstraint40MHz;
+		this.localMaxTxPwrConstraint80MHz = localMaxTxPwrConstraint80MHz;
+		this.localMaxTxPwrConstraint160MHz = localMaxTxPwrConstraint160MHz;
+	}
+
+	/** Parse TxPwrInfo IE from appropriate Json object. */
+	public static TxPwrInfo parse(JsonObject contents) {
+		// required field
+		int localMaxTxPwrConstraint20MHz =
+			contents.get("Local Max Tx Pwr Constraint 20MHz").getAsInt();
+		// optional field
+		Integer localMaxTxPwrConstraint40MHz =
+			parseOptionalField(contents, "Local Max Tx Pwr Constraint 40MHz");
+		Integer localMaxTxPwrConstraint80MHz =
+			parseOptionalField(contents, "Local Max Tx Pwr Constraint 40MHz");
+		Integer localMaxTxPwrConstraint160MHz =
+			parseOptionalField(contents, "Local Max Tx Pwr Constraint 40MHz");
+		return new TxPwrInfo(
+			localMaxTxPwrConstraint20MHz,
+			localMaxTxPwrConstraint40MHz,
+			localMaxTxPwrConstraint80MHz,
+			localMaxTxPwrConstraint160MHz
+		);
+	}
+
+	private static Integer parseOptionalField(
+		JsonObject contents,
+		String fieldName
+	) {
+		JsonElement element = contents.get(fieldName);
+		if (element == null) {
+			return null;
+		}
+		return element.getAsInt();
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public int hashCode() {
+		return Objects.hash(
+			localMaxTxPwrConstraint160MHz,
+			localMaxTxPwrConstraint20MHz,
+			localMaxTxPwrConstraint40MHz,
+			localMaxTxPwrConstraint80MHz
+		);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+		if (this == obj) {
+			return true;
+		}
+		if (obj == null) {
+			return false;
+		}
+		if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) {
+			return false;
+		}
+		TxPwrInfo other = (TxPwrInfo) obj;
+		return localMaxTxPwrConstraint160MHz ==
+			other.localMaxTxPwrConstraint160MHz &&
+			localMaxTxPwrConstraint20MHz ==
+				other.localMaxTxPwrConstraint20MHz &&
+			localMaxTxPwrConstraint40MHz ==
+				other.localMaxTxPwrConstraint40MHz &&
+			localMaxTxPwrConstraint80MHz == other.localMaxTxPwrConstraint80MHz;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public String toString() {
+		return "TxPwrInfo [localMaxTxPwrConstraint20MHz=" +
+			localMaxTxPwrConstraint20MHz + ", localMaxTxPwrConstraint40MHz=" +
+			localMaxTxPwrConstraint40MHz + ", localMaxTxPwrConstraint80MHz=" +
+			localMaxTxPwrConstraint80MHz + ", localMaxTxPwrConstraint160MHz=" +
+			localMaxTxPwrConstraint160MHz + "]";
+	}
+}

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/ucentral/informationelement/VHTOperation.java

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
  * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
  */
 
-package com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.operationelement;
+package com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.informationelement;
 
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Objects;
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
  * Very High Throughput (VHT) Operation Element, which is potentially present in
  * wifiscan entries. Introduced in 802.11ac (2013).
  */
-public class VHTOperationElement {
+public class VHTOperation {
 
 	/**
 	 * This field is 0 if the channel width is 20 MHz or 40 MHz, and 1 otherwise.
@@ -30,15 +30,23 @@ public class VHTOperationElement {
 	 * 160 MHz wide channel, this parameter is the channel number of the 80MHz
 	 * channel that contains the primary channel. For a 80+80 MHz wide channel, this
 	 * parameter is the channel number of the primary channel.
+	 * <p>
+	 * This field is an unsigned byte in the specification (i.e., with values
+	 * between 0 and 255). But because Java only supports signed bytes, a short
+	 * data type is used to store the value.
 	 */
-	public final byte channel1;
+	public final short channel1;
 	/**
 	 * This should be zero unless the channel is 160MHz or 80+80 MHz wide. If the
 	 * channel is 160 MHz wide, this parameter is the channel number of the 160 MHz
 	 * wide channel. If the channel is 80+80 MHz wide, this parameter is the channel
 	 * index of the secondary 80 MHz wide channel.
+	 * <p>
+	 * This field is an unsigned byte in the specification (i.e., with values
+	 * between 0 and 255). But because Java only supports signed bytes, a short
+	 * data type is used to store the value.
 	 */
-	public final byte channel2;
+	public final short channel2;
 	/**
 	 * An 8-element array where each element is between 0 and 4 inclusive. MCS means
 	 * Modulation and Coding Scheme. NSS means Number of Spatial Streams. There can
@@ -57,11 +65,11 @@ public class VHTOperationElement {
 	 * @param vhtOper a base64 encoded properly formatted VHT operation element (see
 	 *                802.11 standard)
 	 */
-	public VHTOperationElement(String vhtOper) {
+	public VHTOperation(String vhtOper) {
 		byte[] bytes = Base64.decodeBase64(vhtOper);
 		this.channelWidth = bytes[0];
-		this.channel1 = bytes[1];
+		this.channel1 = (short) (bytes[1] & 0xff); // read as unsigned value
-		this.channel2 = bytes[2];
+		this.channel2 = (short) (bytes[2] & 0xff); // read as unsigned value
 		byte[] vhtMcsForNss = new byte[8];
 		vhtMcsForNss[0] = (byte) (bytes[3] >>> 6);
 		vhtMcsForNss[1] = (byte) ((bytes[3] & 0b00110000) >>> 4);
@@ -81,10 +89,10 @@ public class VHTOperationElement {
 	 * For details about the parameters, see the javadocs for the corresponding
 	 * member variables.
 	 */
-	public VHTOperationElement(
+	public VHTOperation(
 		byte channelWidth,
-		byte channel1,
+		short channel1,
-		byte channel2,
+		short channel2,
 		byte[] vhtMcsForNss
 	) {
 		/*
@@ -106,7 +114,7 @@ public class VHTOperationElement {
 	 * @return true if the the operation elements "match" for the purpose of
 	 *         aggregating statistics; false otherwise.
 	 */
-	public boolean matchesForAggregation(VHTOperationElement other) {
+	public boolean matchesForAggregation(VHTOperation other) {
 		// check everything except vhtMcsForNss
 		return other != null && channel1 == other.channel1 &&
 			channel2 == other.channel2 && channelWidth == other.channelWidth;
@@ -134,8 +142,8 @@ public class VHTOperationElement {
 		if (vhtOper1 == null || vhtOper2 == null) {
 			return false; // false if exactly one is null
 		}
-		VHTOperationElement vhtOperObj1 = new VHTOperationElement(vhtOper1);
+		VHTOperation vhtOperObj1 = new VHTOperation(vhtOper1);
-		VHTOperationElement vhtOperObj2 = new VHTOperationElement(vhtOper2);
+		VHTOperation vhtOperObj2 = new VHTOperation(vhtOper2);
 		return vhtOperObj1.matchesForAggregation(vhtOperObj2);
 	}
 
@@ -160,7 +168,7 @@ public class VHTOperationElement {
 		if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) {
 			return false;
 		}
-		VHTOperationElement other = (VHTOperationElement) obj;
+		VHTOperation other = (VHTOperation) obj;
 		return channel1 == other.channel1 && channel2 == other.channel2 &&
 			channelWidth == other.channelWidth &&
 			Arrays.equals(vhtMcsForNss, other.vhtMcsForNss);

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/ucentral/models/State.java

@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
 import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName;
 
 public class State {
-	public class Interface {
+	public static class Interface {
-		public class Client {
+		public static class Client {
 			public String mac;
 			public String[] ipv4_addresses;
 			public String[] ipv6_addresses;
@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ public class State {
 			// TODO last_seen
 		}
 
-		public class SSID {
+		public static class SSID {
-			public class Association {
+			public static class Association {
-				public class Rate {
+				public static class Rate {
 					public long bitrate;
 					public int chwidth;
 					public boolean sgi;
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ public class State {
 			public JsonObject radio;
 		}
 
-		public class Counters {
+		public static class Counters {
 			public long collisions;
 			public long multicast;
 			public long rx_bytes;
@@ -96,8 +96,8 @@ public class State {
 
 	public Interface[] interfaces;
 
-	public class Unit {
+	public static class Unit {
-		public class Memory {
+		public static class Memory {
 			public long buffered;
 			public long cached;
 			public long free;
@@ -112,8 +112,21 @@ public class State {
 
 	public Unit unit;
 
+	public static class Radio {
+		public long active_ms;
+		public long busy_ms;
+		public int channel;
+		public String channel_width;
+		public long noise;
+		public String phy;
+		public long receive_ms;
+		public long transmit_ms;
+		public int tx_power;
+	}
+
+	public Radio[] radios;
+
 	// TODO
-	public JsonObject[] radios;
 	@SerializedName("link-state") public JsonObject linkState;
 	public JsonObject gps;
 	public JsonObject poe;

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/ucentral/models/WifiScanEntryResult.java

@@ -10,9 +10,11 @@ package com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.models;
 
 import java.util.Objects;
 
-import com.google.gson.JsonArray;
+/**
-
+ * Represents a single entry in wifi scan results.
-/** Represents a single entry in wifi scan results. */
+ * ies[] array is not stored directly, but parsed into WifiScanEntry fields
+ *
+ */
 public class WifiScanEntryResult {
 	public int channel;
 	public long last_seen;
@@ -50,8 +52,6 @@ public class WifiScanEntryResult {
 	public String vht_oper;
 	public int capability;
 	public int frequency;
-	/** IE = information element */
-	public JsonArray ies;
 
 	/** Default Constructor. */
 	public WifiScanEntryResult() {}
@@ -68,7 +68,6 @@ public class WifiScanEntryResult {
 		this.vht_oper = o.vht_oper;
 		this.capability = o.capability;
 		this.frequency = o.frequency;
-		this.ies = o.ies;
 	}
 
 	@Override
@@ -79,7 +78,6 @@ public class WifiScanEntryResult {
 			channel,
 			frequency,
 			ht_oper,
-			ies,
 			last_seen,
 			signal,
 			ssid,
@@ -104,7 +102,9 @@ public class WifiScanEntryResult {
 			capability == other.capability && channel == other.channel &&
 			frequency == other.frequency && Objects
 				.equals(ht_oper, other.ht_oper) &&
-			Objects.equals(ies, other.ies) && last_seen == other.last_seen && signal == other.signal && Objects.equals(ssid, other.ssid) && tsf == other.tsf && Objects.equals(vht_oper, other.vht_oper);
+			last_seen == other.last_seen &&
+			Objects.equals(ssid, other.ssid) && tsf == other.tsf &&
+			Objects.equals(vht_oper, other.vht_oper);
 	}
 
 	@Override

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/ucentral/prov/models/DeviceConfiguration.java

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import java.util.List;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.gw.models.NoteInfo;
 
 public class DeviceConfiguration {
-	public class DeviceConfigurationElement {
+	public static class DeviceConfigurationElement {
 		public String name;
 		public String description;
 		public Integer weight;

src/main/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/ucentral/prov/models/RRMDetails.java

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ package com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.prov.models;
 import java.util.List;
 
 public class RRMDetails {
-	public class RRMDetailsImpl {
+	public static class RRMDetailsImpl {
 		public String vendor;
 		public String schedule;
 		public List<RRMAlgorithmDetails> algorithms;

src/test/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/modules/RRMSchedulerTest.java

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 package com.facebook.openwifirrm.modules;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull;
-import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
@@ -23,48 +23,48 @@ public class RRMSchedulerTest {
 		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * * * *"));
 
 		// correct (6 fields)
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * ? * *",
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * *" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * *")
 		);
 
 		// correct (7 fields)
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * ? * * *",
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * * *" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * * *")
 		);
 
 		// correct value other than * for day of month
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * 1 * ?",
+			new String[] { "* * * 1 * ?" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1 * *")
 		);
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * 1 * ? *",
+			new String[] { "* * * 1 * ? *" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1 * * *")
 		);
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * 1/2 * ?",
+			new String[] { "* * * 1/2 * ?" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1/2 * *")
 		);
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * 1/2 * ? *",
+			new String[] { "* * * 1/2 * ? *" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1/2 * * *")
 		);
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * 1-2 * ?",
+			new String[] { "* * * 1-2 * ?" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1-2 * *")
 		);
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * 1-2 * ? *",
+			new String[] { "* * * 1-2 * ? *" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1-2 * * *")
 		);
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * 1,2 * ?",
+			new String[] { "* * * 1,2 * ?" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1,2 * *")
 		);
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * 1,2 * ? *",
+			new String[] { "* * * 1,2 * ? *" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1,2 * * *")
 		);
 
@@ -79,70 +79,70 @@ public class RRMSchedulerTest {
 		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0,1 * * *"));
 
 		// correct value other than * for day of month
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * ? * 1",
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * 1")
 		);
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * ? * 1 *",
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1 *" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * 1 *")
 		);
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * ? * 1/3",
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1/3" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * 1/3")
 		);
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * ? * 1/3 *",
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1/3 *" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * 1/3 *")
 		);
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * ? * 1-3",
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1-3" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * 1-3")
 		);
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * ? * 1-3 *",
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1-3 *" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * 1-3 *")
 		);
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * ? * 1,3",
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1,3" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * 1,3")
 		);
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * ? * 1,3 *",
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1,3 *" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * 1,3 *")
 		);
 
 		// correct value other than * for day of month, make sure 0 turns into 7
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * ? * 7",
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 7" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * 0")
 		);
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * ? * 7 *",
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 7 *" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * 0 *")
 		);
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * ? * 1/7",
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1/7" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * 1/0")
 		);
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * ? * 1/7 *",
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1/7 *" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * 1/0 *")
 		);
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * ? * 1-7",
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1-7" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * 1-0")
 		);
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * ? * 1-7 *",
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1-7 *" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * 1-0 *")
 		);
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * ? * 1,7",
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1,7" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * 1,0")
 		);
-		assertEquals(
+		assertArrayEquals(
-			"* * * ? * 1,7 *",
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1,7 *" },
 			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * 1,0 *")
 		);
 
@@ -155,5 +155,119 @@ public class RRMSchedulerTest {
 		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * 7-8 *"));
 		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * 7,8"));
 		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * * * 7,8 *"));
+
+		// correct value for both day of week and day of month
+		assertArrayEquals(
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 7", "* * * 1 * ?" },
+			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1 * 0")
+		);
+		assertArrayEquals(
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 7 *", "* * * 1 * ? *" },
+			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1 * 0 *")
+		);
+
+		assertArrayEquals(
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1/7", "* * * 1 * ?" },
+			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1 * 1/0")
+		);
+		assertArrayEquals(
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1", "* * * 1/2 * ?" },
+			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1/2 * 1")
+		);
+		assertArrayEquals(
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1/7", "* * * 1/2 * ?" },
+			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1/2 * 1/0")
+		);
+		assertArrayEquals(
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1/7 *", "* * * 1 * ? *" },
+			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1 * 1/0 *")
+		);
+		assertArrayEquals(
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1 *", "* * * 1/2 * ? *" },
+			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1/2 * 1 *")
+		);
+		assertArrayEquals(
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1/7 *", "* * * 1/2 * ? *" },
+			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1/2 * 1/0 *")
+		);
+
+		assertArrayEquals(
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1-7", "* * * 1 * ?" },
+			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1 * 1-0")
+		);
+		assertArrayEquals(
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1", "* * * 1-3 * ?" },
+			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1-3 * 1")
+		);
+		assertArrayEquals(
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1-7", "* * * 1-3 * ?" },
+			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1-3 * 1-0")
+		);
+		assertArrayEquals(
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1-7 *", "* * * 1 * ? *" },
+			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1 * 1-0 *")
+		);
+		assertArrayEquals(
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1 *", "* * * 1-3 * ? *" },
+			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1-3 * 1 *")
+		);
+		assertArrayEquals(
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1-7 *", "* * * 1-3 * ? *" },
+			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1-3 * 1-0 *")
+		);
+
+		assertArrayEquals(
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1-7", "* * * 1/3 * ?" },
+			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1/3 * 1-0")
+		);
+		assertArrayEquals(
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1/7", "* * * 1-3 * ?" },
+			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1-3 * 1/0")
+		);
+		assertArrayEquals(
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1-7 *", "* * * 1/3 * ? *" },
+			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1/3 * 1-0 *")
+		);
+		assertArrayEquals(
+			new String[] { "* * * ? * 1/7 *", "* * * 1-3 * ? *" },
+			RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 1-3 * 1/0 *")
+		);
+
+		// wrong value for either day of week or day of month
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0 * 8"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0 * 8 *"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0 * 7/8"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0 * 7/8 *"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0 * 7-8"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0 * 7-8 *"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0 * 7,8"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0 * 7,8 *"));
+
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0/1 * 8"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0/1 * 8 *"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0/1 * 7/8"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0/1 * 7/8 *"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0/1 * 7-8"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0/1 * 7-8 *"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0/1 * 7,8"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0/1 * 7,8 *"));
+
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0-1 * 8"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0-1 * 8 *"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0-1 * 7/8"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0-1 * 7/8 *"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0-1 * 7-8"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0-1 * 7-8 *"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0-1 * 7,8"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0-1 * 7,8 *"));
+
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0,1 * 8"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0,1 * 8 *"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0,1 * 7/8"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0,1 * 7/8 *"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0,1 * 7-8"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0,1 * 7-8 *"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0,1 * 7,8"));
+		assertNull(RRMScheduler.parseIntoQuartzCron("* * * 0,1 * 7,8 *"));
 	}
 }

src/test/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/optimizers/TestUtils.java

@@ -140,6 +140,26 @@ public class TestUtils {
 		return jsonList;
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Create an array with one radio info entry with the given tx power and
+	 * channel.
+	 */
+	public static JsonArray createDeviceStatusSingleBand(
+		int channel,
+		int txPower2G
+	) {
+		JsonArray jsonList = new JsonArray();
+		jsonList.add(
+			createDeviceStatusRadioObject(
+				UCentralUtils.getBandFromChannel(channel),
+				channel,
+				DEFAULT_CHANNEL_WIDTH,
+				txPower2G
+			)
+		);
+		return jsonList;
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * Create an array with two radio info entries (2G and 5G), with the given
 	 * tx powers and channels.
@@ -397,23 +417,15 @@ public class TestUtils {
 	}
 
 	/** Create an element of {@link State#radios}. */
-	private static JsonObject createStateRadio() {
+	private static State.Radio createStateRadio() {
-		// @formatter:off
+		State.Radio radio = new State.Radio();
-		return gson.fromJson(
+		radio.active_ms = 564328;
-			String.format(
+		radio.busy_ms = 36998;
-				"    {\n" +
+		radio.noise = 4294967193L;
-				"      \"active_ms\": 564328,\n" +
+		radio.phy = "platform/soc/c000000.wifi";
-				"      \"busy_ms\": 36998,\n" +
+		radio.receive_ms = 28;
-				"      \"noise\": 4294967193,\n" +
+		radio.transmit_ms = 4893;
-				"      \"phy\": \"platform/soc/c000000.wifi\",\n" +
+		return radio;
-				"      \"receive_ms\": 28,\n" +
-				"      \"temperature\": 45,\n" +
-				"      \"transmit_ms\": 4893\n" +
-				"    }\n"
-			),
-			JsonObject.class
-		);
-		// @formatter:on
 	}
 
 	/** Create a {@code State.Unit}. */
@@ -477,18 +489,18 @@ public class TestUtils {
 			state.interfaces[index] = createUpStateInterface(index);
 		}
 		state.interfaces[numRadios] = createDownStateInterface(numRadios);
-		state.radios = new JsonObject[numRadios];
+		state.radios = new State.Radio[numRadios];
 		for (int i = 0; i < numRadios; i++) {
 			state.radios[i] = createStateRadio();
-			state.radios[i].addProperty("channel", channels[i]);
+			state.radios[i].channel = channels[i];
-			state.radios[i].addProperty("channel_width", channelWidths[i]);
+			state.radios[i].channel_width = Integer.toString(channelWidths[i]);
-			state.radios[i].addProperty("tx_power", txPowers[i]);
+			state.radios[i].tx_power = txPowers[i];
 			state.interfaces[i].ssids[0].bssid = bssids[i];
 			state.interfaces[i].ssids[0].associations =
 				new State.Interface.SSID.Association[clientRssis[i].length];
 			for (int j = 0; j < clientRssis[i].length; j++) {
 				state.interfaces[i].ssids[0].associations[j] =
-					state.interfaces[i].ssids[0].new Association();
+					new State.Interface.SSID.Association();
 				state.interfaces[i].ssids[0].associations[j].rssi =
 					clientRssis[i][j];
 			}

src/test/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/optimizers/channel/LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest.java

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 
 		// A -> No APs on current channel, so stay on it (48)
 		int aExpectedChannel = 48;
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceA,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, aExpectedChannel)
 		);
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 		LinkedList<Integer> channelsB = new LinkedList<>();
 		channelsB.addAll(ChannelOptimizer.AVAILABLE_CHANNELS_BAND.get(band));
 		int bExpectedChannel = channelsB.removeLast();
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceB,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 40)
 		);
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 		channelsC.addAll(ChannelOptimizer.AVAILABLE_CHANNELS_BAND.get(band));
 		channelsC.addAll(ChannelOptimizer.AVAILABLE_CHANNELS_BAND.get(band));
 		int cExpectedChannel = channelsC.removeFirst();
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceC,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 149)
 		);
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 
 		// A -> No APs on current channel, so stay on it (1)
 		int aExpectedChannel = 1;
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceA,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, aExpectedChannel)
 		);
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 		LinkedList<Integer> channelsB = new LinkedList<>();
 		channelsB.addAll(ChannelOptimizer.AVAILABLE_CHANNELS_BAND.get(band));
 		int bExpectedChannel = channelsB.removeLast();
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceB,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 6)
 		);
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 
 		// C -> Assigned to only free prioritized channel (1)
 		int cExpectedChannel = 1;
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceC,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 6)
 		);
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 
 		// A, B, C should just be assigned to the same userChannel
 		int aExpectedChannel = 48;
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceA,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, aExpectedChannel)
 		);
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 		LinkedList<Integer> channelsB = new LinkedList<>();
 		channelsB.addAll(ChannelOptimizer.AVAILABLE_CHANNELS_BAND.get(band));
 		channelsB.removeLast();
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceB,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 40)
 		);
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 		channelsC.addAll(ChannelOptimizer.AVAILABLE_CHANNELS_BAND.get(band));
 		channelsC.addAll(ChannelOptimizer.AVAILABLE_CHANNELS_BAND.get(band));
 		channelsC.removeFirst();
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceC,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 149)
 		);
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 		// A -> No APs on current channel and the current channel is in allowedChannels,
 		// so stay on it (48)
 		int aExpectedChannel = 48;
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceA,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, aExpectedChannel)
 		);
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 		LinkedList<Integer> channelsB = new LinkedList<>();
 		channelsB.addAll(ChannelOptimizer.AVAILABLE_CHANNELS_BAND.get(band));
 		channelsB.removeLast();
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceB,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 40)
 		);
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 		channelsC.addAll(ChannelOptimizer.AVAILABLE_CHANNELS_BAND.get(band));
 		channelsC.addAll(ChannelOptimizer.AVAILABLE_CHANNELS_BAND.get(band));
 		channelsC.removeFirst();
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceC,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 149)
 		);
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 
 		// A -> No APs on current channel, so stay on it (48)
 		int aExpectedChannel = 157;
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceA,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, aExpectedChannel)
 		);
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 		channelsB.addAll(Arrays.asList(40, 48, 153, 161));
 		channelsB.addAll(Arrays.asList(40, 48, 153, 161));
 		int bExpectedChannel = channelsB.removeLast() - 4; // upper extension
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceB,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 40)
 		);
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 		channelsC.addAll(ChannelOptimizer.AVAILABLE_CHANNELS_BAND.get(band));
 		channelsC.addAll(ChannelOptimizer.AVAILABLE_CHANNELS_BAND.get(band));
 		int cExpectedChannel = channelsC.removeFirst();
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceC,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 149)
 		);
@@ -479,7 +479,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 		LinkedList<Integer> channelsD = new LinkedList<>();
 		channelsD.addAll(Arrays.asList(36, 44, 149, 157));
 		int dExpectedChannel = channelsD.removeLast();
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceD,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 40)
 		);
@@ -532,7 +532,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 
 		// A -> No APs on current channel, so stay on it (36)
 		int aExpectedChannel = 36;
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceA,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, aExpectedChannel)
 		);
@@ -554,7 +554,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 		LinkedList<Integer> channelsB = new LinkedList<>();
 		channelsB.addAll(Arrays.asList(40, 48, 149));
 		int bExpectedChannel = channelsB.removeLast();
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceB,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 36)
 		);
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 		channelsC.addAll(ChannelOptimizer.AVAILABLE_CHANNELS_BAND.get(band));
 		channelsC.addAll(ChannelOptimizer.AVAILABLE_CHANNELS_BAND.get(band));
 		int cExpectedChannel = channelsC.removeFirst();
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceC,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 149)
 		);
@@ -597,7 +597,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 		channelsD.addAll(Arrays.asList(40, 48, 153, 161));
 		channelsD.addAll(Arrays.asList(40, 48, 153, 161));
 		int dExpectedChannel = channelsD.removeLast() - 12;
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceD,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 36)
 		);
@@ -622,7 +622,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 			.put(UCentralConstants.BAND_5G, Arrays.asList(48, 165));
 		deviceDataManager.setDeviceApConfig(deviceE, apConfig);
 		int eExpectedChannel = 36;
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceE,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, eExpectedChannel)
 		);
@@ -668,7 +668,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 
 		// A -> No APs on current channel, so stay on it (48)
 		int aExpectedChannel = 48;
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceA,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, aExpectedChannel)
 		);
@@ -689,7 +689,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 		// B -> Same setting as A, but the scan results are bandwidth aware
 		// Assign to only free channel (165)
 		int bExpectedChannel = 165;
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceB,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 48)
 		);
@@ -721,7 +721,7 @@ public class LeastUsedChannelOptimizerTest {
 		channelsC1.addAll(ChannelOptimizer.AVAILABLE_CHANNELS_BAND.get(band));
 		channelsC2.addAll(Arrays.asList(36, 157, 165));
 		int cExpectedChannel = channelsC1.removeFirst();
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceC,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 149)
 		);

src/test/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/optimizers/channel/RandomChannelInitializerTest.java

@@ -54,11 +54,11 @@ public class RandomChannelInitializerTest {
 			deviceB,
 			TestUtils.createState(11, channelWidth, deviceBBssid)
 		);
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceA,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 7)
 		);
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceB,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 8)
 		);
@@ -99,11 +99,11 @@ public class RandomChannelInitializerTest {
 			deviceB,
 			TestUtils.createState(11, channelWidth, deviceBBssid)
 		);
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceA,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 7)
 		);
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceB,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 8)
 		);

src/test/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/optimizers/channel/UnmanagedApAwareChannelOptimizerTest.java

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ public class UnmanagedApAwareChannelOptimizerTest {
 
 		// A -> No APs on current channel, so stay on it (48)
 		int aExpectedChannel = 48;
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceA,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, aExpectedChannel)
 		);
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ public class UnmanagedApAwareChannelOptimizerTest {
 		LinkedList<Integer> channelsB = new LinkedList<>();
 		channelsB.addAll(ChannelOptimizer.AVAILABLE_CHANNELS_BAND.get(band));
 		int bExpectedChannel = channelsB.removeLast();
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceB,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 40)
 		);
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ public class UnmanagedApAwareChannelOptimizerTest {
 			)
 		);
 		int cExpectedChannel = 48;
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceC,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 149)
 		);
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ public class UnmanagedApAwareChannelOptimizerTest {
 
 		// A -> No APs on current channel, so stay on it (1)
 		int aExpectedChannel = 1;
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceA,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, aExpectedChannel)
 		);
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ public class UnmanagedApAwareChannelOptimizerTest {
 		LinkedList<Integer> channelsB = new LinkedList<>();
 		channelsB.addAll(ChannelOptimizer.AVAILABLE_CHANNELS_BAND.get(band));
 		int bExpectedChannel = channelsB.removeLast();
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceB,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 6)
 		);
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ public class UnmanagedApAwareChannelOptimizerTest {
 
 		// C -> Assigned to only free prioritized channel (1)
 		int cExpectedChannel = 1;
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 			deviceC,
 			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(band, 6)
 		);

src/test/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/optimizers/tpc/LocationBasedOptimalTPCTest.java

@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ public class LocationBasedOptimalTPCTest {
 
 		DataModel dataModel = new DataModel();
 		for (String device : Arrays.asList(deviceA, deviceB, deviceC)) {
-			dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+			dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 				device,
 				TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(UCentralConstants.BANDS)
 			);
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ public class LocationBasedOptimalTPCTest {
 
 		DataModel dataModel2 = new DataModel();
 		for (String device : Arrays.asList(deviceA, deviceB)) {
-			dataModel2.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+			dataModel2.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 				device,
 				TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(UCentralConstants.BANDS)
 			);
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ public class LocationBasedOptimalTPCTest {
 				)
 			);
 		}
-		dataModel2.latestDeviceStatus
+		dataModel2.latestDeviceStatusRadios
 			.put(
 				deviceC,
 				TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ public class LocationBasedOptimalTPCTest {
 
 		DataModel dataModel2 = new DataModel();
 		for (String device : Arrays.asList(deviceA, deviceB, deviceC)) {
-			dataModel2.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+			dataModel2.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 				device,
 				TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(UCentralConstants.BANDS)
 			);
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ public class LocationBasedOptimalTPCTest {
 
 		DataModel dataModel3 = new DataModel();
 		for (String device : Arrays.asList(deviceA, deviceB, deviceC)) {
-			dataModel3.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+			dataModel3.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 				device,
 				TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(UCentralConstants.BANDS)
 			);
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ public class LocationBasedOptimalTPCTest {
 
 		DataModel dataModel4 = new DataModel();
 		for (String device : Arrays.asList(deviceA, deviceB, deviceC)) {
-			dataModel4.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+			dataModel4.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
 				device,
 				TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(UCentralConstants.BANDS)
 			);

src/test/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/optimizers/tpc/MeasurementBasedApApTPCTest.java

@@ -33,8 +33,6 @@ import com.facebook.openwifirrm.optimizers.TestUtils;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.UCentralConstants;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.UCentralUtils;
 import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.WifiScanEntry;
-import com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.models.State;
-import com.google.gson.JsonArray;
 
 @TestMethodOrder(OrderAnnotation.class)
 public class MeasurementBasedApApTPCTest {
@@ -78,65 +76,84 @@ public class MeasurementBasedApApTPCTest {
 		return deviceDataManager;
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Creates a data model with 3 devices in only the given band.
+	 * All are at max_tx_power, which represents the first step in greedy TPC.
+	 *
+	 * @param band band (e.g., "2G")
+	 */
+	private static DataModel createModelSingleBand(String band) {
+		DataModel model = new DataModel();
+
+		final int channel = UCentralUtils.LOWER_CHANNEL_LIMIT.get(band);
+
+		List<String> bssids = Arrays.asList(BSSID_A, BSSID_B, BSSID_C);
+		List<String> devices = Arrays.asList(DEVICE_A, DEVICE_B, DEVICE_C);
+		for (int i = 0; i < devices.size(); i++) {
+			String device = devices.get(i);
+			String bssid = bssids.get(i);
+			model.latestState.put(
+				device,
+				TestUtils.createState(
+					channel,
+					DEFAULT_CHANNEL_WIDTH,
+					MAX_TX_POWER,
+					bssid
+				)
+			);
+			model.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
+				device,
+				TestUtils
+					.createDeviceStatusSingleBand(channel, MAX_TX_POWER)
+			);
+		}
+
+		return model;
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * Creates a data model with 3 devices. All are at max_tx_power, which
 	 * represents the first step in greedy TPC.
 	 *
 	 * @return a data model
 	 */
-	private static DataModel createModel() {
+	private static DataModel createModelDualBand() {
 		DataModel model = new DataModel();
 
-		State stateA = TestUtils.createState(
+		final int channel2G =
-			1,
+			UCentralUtils.LOWER_CHANNEL_LIMIT.get(UCentralConstants.BAND_2G);
-			DEFAULT_CHANNEL_WIDTH,
+		final int channel5G =
-			MAX_TX_POWER,
+			UCentralUtils.LOWER_CHANNEL_LIMIT.get(UCentralConstants.BAND_5G);
-			BSSID_A,
-			36,
-			DEFAULT_CHANNEL_WIDTH,
-			MAX_TX_POWER,
-			BSSID_A
-		);
-		State stateB = TestUtils.createState(
-			1,
-			DEFAULT_CHANNEL_WIDTH,
-			MAX_TX_POWER,
-			BSSID_B,
-			36,
-			DEFAULT_CHANNEL_WIDTH,
-			MAX_TX_POWER,
-			BSSID_B
-		);
-		State stateC = TestUtils.createState(
-			1,
-			DEFAULT_CHANNEL_WIDTH,
-			MAX_TX_POWER,
-			BSSID_C,
-			36,
-			DEFAULT_CHANNEL_WIDTH,
-			MAX_TX_POWER,
-			BSSID_C
-		);
 
-		model.latestState.put(DEVICE_A, stateA);
+		List<String> bssids = Arrays.asList(BSSID_A, BSSID_B, BSSID_C);
-		model.latestState.put(DEVICE_B, stateB);
+		List<String> devices = Arrays.asList(DEVICE_A, DEVICE_B, DEVICE_C);
-		model.latestState.put(DEVICE_C, stateC);
+		for (int i = 0; i < devices.size(); i++) {
-
+			String device = devices.get(i);
-		model.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+			String bssid = bssids.get(i);
-			DEVICE_A,
+			model.latestState.put(
-			TestUtils
+				device,
-				.createDeviceStatusDualBand(1, MAX_TX_POWER, 36, MAX_TX_POWER)
+				TestUtils.createState(
-		);
+					channel2G,
-		model.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+					DEFAULT_CHANNEL_WIDTH,
-			DEVICE_B,
+					MAX_TX_POWER,
-			TestUtils
+					bssid,
-				.createDeviceStatusDualBand(1, MAX_TX_POWER, 36, MAX_TX_POWER)
+					channel5G,
-		);
+					DEFAULT_CHANNEL_WIDTH,
-		model.latestDeviceStatus.put(
+					MAX_TX_POWER,
-			DEVICE_C,
+					bssid
-			TestUtils
+				)
-				.createDeviceStatusDualBand(1, MAX_TX_POWER, 36, MAX_TX_POWER)
+			);
-		);
+			model.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
+				device,
+				TestUtils
+					.createDeviceStatusDualBand(
+						channel2G,
+						MAX_TX_POWER,
+						channel5G,
+						MAX_TX_POWER
+					)
+			);
+		}
 
 		return model;
 	}
@@ -287,7 +304,7 @@ public class MeasurementBasedApApTPCTest {
 	@Test
 	@Order(1)
 	void testGetManagedBSSIDs() throws Exception {
-		DataModel dataModel = createModel();
+		DataModel dataModel = createModelDualBand();
 		Set<String> managedBSSIDs =
 			MeasurementBasedApApTPC.getManagedBSSIDs(dataModel);
 		assertEquals(3, managedBSSIDs.size());
@@ -298,25 +315,6 @@ public class MeasurementBasedApApTPCTest {
 
 	@Test
 	@Order(2)
-	void testGetCurrentTxPower() throws Exception {
-		final int expectedTxPower = 29;
-
-		DataModel model = new DataModel();
-		model.latestDeviceStatus.put(
-			DEVICE_A,
-			TestUtils.createDeviceStatusDualBand(1, 5, 36, expectedTxPower)
-		);
-
-		JsonArray radioStatuses =
-			model.latestDeviceStatus.get(DEVICE_A).getAsJsonArray();
-		int txPower = MeasurementBasedApApTPC
-			.getCurrentTxPower(radioStatuses, UCentralConstants.BAND_5G)
-			.get();
-		assertEquals(expectedTxPower, txPower);
-	}
-
-	@Test
-	@Order(3)
 	void testBuildRssiMap() throws Exception {
 		// This example includes three APs, and one AP that is unmanaged
 		Set<String> bssidSet = Set.of(BSSID_A, BSSID_B, BSSID_C);
@@ -338,7 +336,7 @@ public class MeasurementBasedApApTPCTest {
 	}
 
 	@Test
-	@Order(4)
+	@Order(3)
 	void testComputeTxPower() throws Exception {
 		// Test examples here taken from algorithm design doc from @pohanhf
 		final String serialNumber = "testSerial";
@@ -413,7 +411,7 @@ public class MeasurementBasedApApTPCTest {
 	 */
 	private static void testComputeTxPowerMapSimpleInOneBand(String band) {
 		int channel = UCentralUtils.LOWER_CHANNEL_LIMIT.get(band);
-		DataModel dataModel = createModel();
+		DataModel dataModel = createModelSingleBand(band);
 		dataModel.latestWifiScans = createLatestWifiScansB(channel);
 		DeviceDataManager deviceDataManager = createDeviceDataManager();
 
@@ -438,7 +436,7 @@ public class MeasurementBasedApApTPCTest {
 		String band
 	) {
 		int channel = UCentralUtils.LOWER_CHANNEL_LIMIT.get(band);
-		DataModel dataModel = createModel();
+		DataModel dataModel = createModelSingleBand(band);
 		dataModel.latestWifiScans = createLatestWifiScansC(channel);
 		DeviceDataManager deviceDataManager = createDeviceDataManager();
 
@@ -465,7 +463,7 @@ public class MeasurementBasedApApTPCTest {
 	 */
 	private static void testComputeTxPowerMapMissingDataInOneBand(String band) {
 		int channel = UCentralUtils.LOWER_CHANNEL_LIMIT.get(band);
-		DataModel dataModel = createModel();
+		DataModel dataModel = createModelSingleBand(band);
 		dataModel.latestWifiScans =
 			createLatestWifiScansWithMissingEntries(channel);
 		DeviceDataManager deviceDataManager = createDeviceDataManager();
@@ -501,34 +499,17 @@ public class MeasurementBasedApApTPCTest {
 	@Order(6)
 	void testComputeTxPowerMapMultiBand() {
 		// test both bands simultaneously with different setups on each band
-		DataModel dataModel = createModel();
+		DataModel dataModel = createModelDualBand();
-		dataModel.latestState.remove(DEVICE_B);
+
-		dataModel.latestState.put(
-			DEVICE_B,
-			TestUtils.createState(
-				1,
-				DEFAULT_CHANNEL_WIDTH,
-				MAX_TX_POWER,
-				BSSID_B
-			)
-		);
-		// make device C not operate in the 5G band instead of dual band
-		dataModel.latestDeviceStatus.put(
-			DEVICE_C,
-			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(
-				UCentralConstants.BAND_2G,
-				1,
-				MAX_TX_POWER
-			)
-		);
 		DeviceDataManager deviceDataManager = createDeviceDataManager();
-		// 2G setup
+		// 2G: use testComputeTxPowerMapSimpleInOneBand setup
 		final int channel2G =
 			UCentralUtils.LOWER_CHANNEL_LIMIT.get(UCentralConstants.BAND_2G);
 		dataModel.latestWifiScans = createLatestWifiScansB(channel2G);
-		// 5G setup
+		// 5G: use testComputeTxPowerMapMissingDataInOneBand setup
 		final int channel5G =
 			UCentralUtils.LOWER_CHANNEL_LIMIT.get(UCentralConstants.BAND_5G);
+		// add 5G wifiscan results to dataModel.latestWifiScans
 		Map<String, List<List<WifiScanEntry>>> toMerge =
 			createLatestWifiScansWithMissingEntries(channel5G);
 		for (
@@ -556,8 +537,10 @@ public class MeasurementBasedApApTPCTest {
 		Map<String, Map<String, Integer>> txPowerMap =
 			optimizer.computeTxPowerMap();
 
-		// test 2G band
+		// every AP operates in at least one band
 		assertEquals(3, txPowerMap.size());
+
+		// test 2G band
 		assertEquals(
 			2,
 			txPowerMap.get(DEVICE_A).get(UCentralConstants.BAND_2G)
@@ -576,11 +559,69 @@ public class MeasurementBasedApApTPCTest {
 			0,
 			txPowerMap.get(DEVICE_A).get(UCentralConstants.BAND_5G)
 		);
-		// deivce B does not have 5G radio
+		assertEquals(
-		assertFalse(
+			0,
-			txPowerMap.get(DEVICE_B).containsKey(UCentralConstants.BAND_5G)
+			txPowerMap.get(DEVICE_B).get(UCentralConstants.BAND_5G)
 		);
-		// device C is not in the 5G band
+		assertEquals(
+			30,
+			txPowerMap.get(DEVICE_C).get(UCentralConstants.BAND_5G)
+		);
+
+		// now test when device C does not have a 5G radio
+		dataModel.latestState.put(
+			DEVICE_C,
+			TestUtils.createState(
+				1,
+				DEFAULT_CHANNEL_WIDTH,
+				MAX_TX_POWER,
+				BSSID_C
+			)
+		);
+		dataModel.latestDeviceStatusRadios.put(
+			DEVICE_C,
+			TestUtils.createDeviceStatus(
+				UCentralConstants.BAND_2G,
+				1,
+				MAX_TX_POWER
+			)
+		);
+		optimizer = new MeasurementBasedApApTPC(
+			dataModel,
+			TEST_ZONE,
+			deviceDataManager,
+			-80,
+			0
+		);
+		txPowerMap = optimizer.computeTxPowerMap();
+
+		// every AP operates in at least one band
+		assertEquals(3, txPowerMap.size());
+
+		// test 2G band (all APs), same as testComputeTxPowerMapSimpleInOneBand
+		assertEquals(
+			2,
+			txPowerMap.get(DEVICE_A).get(UCentralConstants.BAND_2G)
+		);
+		assertEquals(
+			15,
+			txPowerMap.get(DEVICE_B).get(UCentralConstants.BAND_2G)
+		);
+		assertEquals(
+			10,
+			txPowerMap.get(DEVICE_C).get(UCentralConstants.BAND_2G)
+		);
+
+		// test 5G band (only device A and device B operate in 5G)
+		assertEquals(
+			0,
+			txPowerMap.get(DEVICE_A).get(UCentralConstants.BAND_5G)
+		);
+		assertEquals(
+			0,
+			txPowerMap.get(DEVICE_B).get(UCentralConstants.BAND_5G)
+		);
+		// this time device C has no 5G radio so it is not set to max power (30)
 		assertFalse(
 			txPowerMap.get(DEVICE_C).containsKey(UCentralConstants.BAND_5G)
 		);

src/test/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/ucentral/UCentralUtilsTest.java

@@ -8,7 +8,12 @@
 
 package com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral;
 
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.Map;
+
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
@@ -17,4 +22,60 @@ public class UCentralUtilsTest {
 	void test_placeholder() throws Exception {
 		assertEquals(3, 1 + 2);
 	}
+
+	@Test
+	void test_setRadioConfigFieldChannel() throws Exception {
+		final String serialNumber = "aaaaaaaaaaaa";
+		final int expectedChannel = 1;
+		final Map<String, Integer> newValueList = Collections
+			.singletonMap(UCentralConstants.BAND_5G, expectedChannel);
+
+		// test case where channel value is a string and not an integer
+		UCentralApConfiguration config = new UCentralApConfiguration(
+			"{\"interfaces\": [], \"radios\": [{\"band\": \"5G\", \"channel\": \"auto\"}]}"
+		);
+		boolean modified = UCentralUtils
+			.setRadioConfigField(serialNumber, config, "channel", newValueList);
+		assertTrue(modified);
+		assertEquals(
+			config.getRadioConfig(0).get("channel").getAsInt(),
+			expectedChannel
+		);
+
+		// field doesn't exist
+		config = new UCentralApConfiguration(
+			"{\"interfaces\": [], \"radios\": [{\"band\": \"5G\"}]}"
+		);
+		modified = UCentralUtils
+			.setRadioConfigField(serialNumber, config, "channel", newValueList);
+		assertTrue(modified);
+		assertEquals(
+			config.getRadioConfig(0).get("channel").getAsInt(),
+			expectedChannel
+		);
+
+		// normal field, not modified
+		config = new UCentralApConfiguration(
+			"{\"interfaces\": [], \"radios\": [{\"band\": \"5G\", \"channel\": 1}]}"
+		);
+		modified = UCentralUtils
+			.setRadioConfigField(serialNumber, config, "channel", newValueList);
+		assertFalse(modified);
+		assertEquals(
+			config.getRadioConfig(0).get("channel").getAsInt(),
+			expectedChannel
+		);
+
+		// normal field, modified
+		config = new UCentralApConfiguration(
+			"{\"interfaces\": [], \"radios\": [{\"band\": \"5G\", \"channel\": 15}]}"
+		);
+		modified = UCentralUtils
+			.setRadioConfigField(serialNumber, config, "channel", newValueList);
+		assertTrue(modified);
+		assertEquals(
+			config.getRadioConfig(0).get("channel").getAsInt(),
+			expectedChannel
+		);
+	}
 }

src/test/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/ucentral/informationelement/HTOperationTest.java

@@ -6,17 +6,17 @@
  * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
  */
 
-package com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.operationelement;
+package com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.informationelement;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
-public class HTOperationElementTest {
+public class HTOperationTest {
 	@Test
 	void testGetHtOper() {
 		String htOper = "AQAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA==";
-		HTOperationElement htOperObj = new HTOperationElement(htOper);
+		HTOperation htOperObj = new HTOperation(htOper);
 		byte expectedPrimaryChannel = 1;
 		byte expectedSecondaryChannelOffset = 0;
 		boolean expectedStaChannelWidth = false;
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ public class HTOperationElementTest {
 		boolean expectedDualBeacon = false;
 		boolean expectedDualCtsProtection = false;
 		boolean expectedStbcBeacon = false;
-		HTOperationElement expectedHtOperObj = new HTOperationElement(
+		HTOperation expectedHtOperObj = new HTOperation(
 			expectedPrimaryChannel,
 			expectedSecondaryChannelOffset,
 			expectedStaChannelWidth,
@@ -44,11 +44,11 @@ public class HTOperationElementTest {
 		assertEquals(expectedHtOperObj, htOperObj);
 
 		htOper = "JAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA==";
-		htOperObj = new HTOperationElement(htOper);
+		htOperObj = new HTOperation(htOper);
 		// all fields except the primary channel and nongreenfield field are the same
 		expectedPrimaryChannel = 36;
 		expectedNongreenfieldHtStasPresent = false;
-		expectedHtOperObj = new HTOperationElement(
+		expectedHtOperObj = new HTOperation(
 			expectedPrimaryChannel,
 			expectedSecondaryChannelOffset,
 			expectedStaChannelWidth,

src/test/java/com/facebook/openwifirrm/ucentral/informationelement/VHTOperationTest.java

@@ -6,23 +6,23 @@
  * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
  */
 
-package com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.operationelement;
+package com.facebook.openwifirrm.ucentral.informationelement;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
-public class VHTOperationElementTest {
+public class VHTOperationTest {
 
 	@Test
 	void testGetVhtOper() {
 		String vhtOper = "ACQAAAA=";
-		VHTOperationElement vhtOperObj = new VHTOperationElement(vhtOper);
+		VHTOperation vhtOperObj = new VHTOperation(vhtOper);
 		byte expectedChannelWidthIndicator = 0; // 20 MHz channel width
-		byte expectedChannel1 = 36;
+		short expectedChannel1 = 36;
-		byte expectedChannel2 = 0;
+		short expectedChannel2 = 0;
 		byte[] expectedVhtMcsForNss = new byte[] { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
-		VHTOperationElement expectedVhtOperObj = new VHTOperationElement(
+		VHTOperation expectedVhtOperObj = new VHTOperation(
 			expectedChannelWidthIndicator,
 			expectedChannel1,
 			expectedChannel2,
@@ -31,12 +31,12 @@ public class VHTOperationElementTest {
 		assertEquals(expectedVhtOperObj, vhtOperObj);
 
 		vhtOper = "AToAUAE=";
-		vhtOperObj = new VHTOperationElement(vhtOper);
+		vhtOperObj = new VHTOperation(vhtOper);
 		expectedChannelWidthIndicator = 1; // 80 MHz channel width
 		expectedChannel1 = 58;
 		// same channel2
 		expectedVhtMcsForNss = new byte[] { 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 };
-		expectedVhtOperObj = new VHTOperationElement(
+		expectedVhtOperObj = new VHTOperation(
 			expectedChannelWidthIndicator,
 			expectedChannel1,
 			expectedChannel2,
@@ -45,12 +45,27 @@ public class VHTOperationElementTest {
 		assertEquals(expectedVhtOperObj, vhtOperObj);
 
 		vhtOper = "ASoyUAE=";
-		vhtOperObj = new VHTOperationElement(vhtOper);
+		vhtOperObj = new VHTOperation(vhtOper);
 		// same channel width indicator (160 MHz channel width)
 		expectedChannel1 = 42;
 		expectedChannel2 = 50;
 		// same vhtMcsForNss
-		expectedVhtOperObj = new VHTOperationElement(
+		expectedVhtOperObj = new VHTOperation(
+			expectedChannelWidthIndicator,
+			expectedChannel1,
+			expectedChannel2,
+			expectedVhtMcsForNss
+		);
+		assertEquals(expectedVhtOperObj, vhtOperObj);
+
+		// test with channel number >= 128 (channel fields should be unsigned)
+		vhtOper = "AJUAAAA=";
+		vhtOperObj = new VHTOperation(vhtOper);
+		expectedChannelWidthIndicator = 0;
+		expectedChannel1 = 149;
+		expectedChannel2 = 0;
+		expectedVhtMcsForNss = new byte[] { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
+		expectedVhtOperObj = new VHTOperation(
 			expectedChannelWidthIndicator,
 			expectedChannel1,
 			expectedChannel2,